The NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament , also known informally and labeled as NCAA March Madness , is a single elimination tournament played every spring in United States, currently featuring 68 college basketball teams from Division I at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), to determine the national championship. The tournament was created in 1939 by the National Association of Basketball Coaches, and was the idea of ​​The Ohio State University coach Harold Olsen. Played mostly during March, this has become one of the most famous annual sporting events in the United States.
The tournament teams include champions of the 32 Division I conferences (who accept automatic bids), and 36 teams are awarded at large berths. The "at-large" teams were selected by the NCAA selection committee, then announced on a nationally aired event on Sunday before the "Four Four" play-in game, currently held in Dayton, Ohio, and was nicknamed Selection Sunday The 68 teams are divided into four areas and organized into a single, prior, eliminating "bracket" elimination, when a team wins the match, which team will face next. Each team is "seeded", or ranked, within its territory from 1 to 16. After the First Four, the tournament takes place over three weekends, at previously selected neutral locations throughout the United States. The team, seeded by rank, continued through a one-game elimination bracket starting with the "first four" of 8 low-seeded teams playing in 4 matches for first-round positions on Tuesday and Wednesday before the first half begins, the first round of 64 teams playing in 32 games for a week, "Sweet Sixteen" and "Elite Eight" round next week and weekend, respectively, and - for the final weekend of the round "Final Four" tournament. The Final Four is usually played during the first weekend of April. These four teams, one from each region (East, South, Midwest, and West), compete in selected locations for the national championships.
This tournament has been partially broadcasted since 1969. Currently, the game is broadcast by CBS, TBS, TNT, and truTV under the trade name NCAA March Madness . Since 2011, all games are available to watch nationally and internationally, such as in the Philippines and Canada. Because television coverage has grown, so has the popularity of tournaments. Currently, millions of Americans fill the bracket, trying to correctly predict the outcome of 63 tournament games (excluding the first four games)
With 11 national titles, UCLA has records for the NCAA Men's Division I NCAA Basketball Championships; John Wooden coached UCLA into 10 of 11 titles. The University of Kentucky (UK) is the second, with eight national titles. The University of North Carolina is ranked third, with six national titles, and Duke University and Indiana University tied for fourth with five national titles. University of Connecticut sixth with four national titles. University of Kansas (KU) & amp; Villanova are tied for 7 with three national titles. Since 1985, when the tournament expanded to 64 teams, the Duke has won five championships; North Carolina and Connecticut each won four; Kentucky & amp; Villanova has three; Kansas & amp; Florida has two; and UCLA, Indiana, Michigan State, Louisville had one. During that time Villanova, Michigan, UNLV, Duke, Arkansas, Arizona, Connecticut, Maryland, Syracuse, and Florida all won their first championship.
Video NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament
Current tournament format
The NCAA has changed the format of the tournament several times since its inception, most often representing an increasing number of teams. This section describes the tournament as it has been operating since 2011.
Qualification
A total of 68 teams are eligible for the tournament played during March and April. Thirty-two teams get an automatic bid as their respective conference champions. Of the 32 Divisions I "all-sports" conference (defined as sponsoring male and female basketball), all 32 currently hold a championship tournament to determine which team receives an automatic qualification. The Ivy League is the last Division I conference not to hold a tournament; through the 2015-16 season, he was awarded the place of his tournament for the regular season champions. If two or more Ivies share a regular-season championship, a one-game playoff (or a series of playoffs) is used to determine the tournament participants. Since 2017, the league has done their own postseason tournaments.
The remaining 36 tournament slots are awarded for a large bid, as determined by the Selection Committee in a nationally broadcast event on Sunday before the Four First First play-in tournament and dubbed the Sunday's Reel by the media. and fans, by a group of mainly conference commissioners and athletic directors of schools designated to be served by the NCAA. The committee also determines where all sixty eight teams are seeded and placed in the bracket.
Territory
The tournament is divided into four regions and each region has at least sixteen teams, but four additional teams are added per decision from the Selection Committee. ( View: Four First, below.) The committee is responsible for making each of the four areas as close as possible within the overall quality of the team from wherever they come from.
Regional names vary from year to year, and geographically (such as "West", "South", "East", and "Midwest"). From 1957 to 1984, the "Middle East", roughly corresponding to the Southeastern United States of America, designation was used. From 1985 to 1998, the Middle East region became known as the "Southeast" and again transformed into "South" starting from 1999. The selected names are roughly corresponding to the location of the four host cities of the regional finals. From 2004 to 2006, the region was named from their parent city, e.g. Phoenix Regional in 2004, Chicago Regional in 2005 and Minneapolis Regional in 2006, but returned to traditional geographical appointments beginning in 2007. For example, during 2012, these areas were named South (Atlanta, Georgia) East (Boston). , Massachusetts), Midwest (St. Louis, Missouri), and West (Phoenix, Arizona).
Nurseries and brackets
The selection committee ranked the entire field from 68 teams from 1 to 68. (This does not make this information public until 2012.) The committee then divides the team among the regions. The top four teams will be distributed among the four regions, and each will receive the seeds no. 1 in the region . The next four ranking teams will be distributed among the four areas, each receiving no seeds. 2 in their area, and the process continues, with some exceptions (as described below). Taken to its logical conclusion, this will give each region seventeen teams - seeded out of No. 1 to No. 17 - however, each region has only sixteen teams (from No. 1 through No. 16). As can be seen below, the actual breeding depends on (among other factors) the eight team ranking selected by the committee for the "Four First" opening round (see the next paragraph and the "Four First" section below).
The selection committee is also ordered to place the team so that whenever possible, teams from the same conference can not meet until the regional finals. In addition, it is also instructed to avoid the possibility of a regular game re-match or last year's tournament tournament during the First and Second rounds. Further restrictions are listed in the Venue section below. To meet these other requirements, the selection committee may move one or several teams up or down one seed from the original seed line. So, for example, the team ranked 40th overall, which was originally scheduled to be No. No. 10 in a certain area, otherwise it can be moved to No. 1. 9 or move to seed No. 11. In addition, the eight team ratings chosen for the "Four First" play-in round will also affect the last seed.
Such a bracket was established, and during the semifinals, champions from the top 1 seeded region will play against the champions of the 4th ranked region in the 1st rank, and champions from the second ranked 1 seed will play against the champions of the third rank of the 1st seed region.
Venues
In men's tournaments, all sites are nominally neutral: teams are forbidden to play tournament matches in their home court before the Final Four (although in some cases the team may be lucky enough to play in or near the state or city of origin). With the current NCAA rules, any court that hosts more than three regular season games (in other words, excluding conference tournaments) is considered a "home court". The exception to this rule is the University of Dayton, which will be allowed to play games in the "Four First" round in their home arena as they did in 2015.
However, while teams can be moved to another area if home court is used during the first two weeks of the tournament, the place of the Final Four is determined the year before, and can not be changed without regard to the participants. For this reason, a team could potentially play in the Final Four in the home court, although this is not possible, because the Final Four is staged in a larger place than most college basketball arenas. (The latest team to play Final Four in his hometown is Butler during 2010; his home court then only sits 10,000, compared to the capacity of the 70,000-plus Lucas Oil Stadium, where the Final Four is.)
Rounds
This tournament consists of several rounds. They are currently named, in the first to the last:
- Four First
- First Round (Round 64)
- Second Round (Round 32)
- Regional Semi-finals (participating teams are popularly known as "Sweet Sixteen"))
- Regional Final (participating teams are known generally as "Eight Elites")
- National Semi-Finals (the participating teams are officially referred to as "Final Four")
- National Championship
The tournament is a single elimination, which increases the chances for the lower-seeded "Cinderella" team and progresses to the next round. Although the lower-ranked team is forced to play a stronger team, they only need one win to advance (rather than having to win a majority of the game in a series, such as in professional basketball).
First Four
First held during 2011, the First Four is a game between four teams with the lowest rank in the big-four and the lowest-ranking automatic-bid team (conference-champions).
- The First Big Four Seed
- Note: Each year, the four lowest ranked teams compete in two of the first four games. The two winners then received No. seed. 11, 12, 13, or 14 in one of the territories. The table below shows the years in which the four seeds were claimed by one of the two great winners.
First and Second Rounds
During the First Round (Round 64), seed No. 1 plays seed No. 16 in all regions; Team No. 2 plays No. 15, and so on. The effects of this hatchery structure ensure that the better the team's (and therefore favored) rank, the worse (and perhaps weaker) ranking their opponent will become. Sixteen first round matches were played on Thursday after the "Four First" round. Sixteen remaining first round matches played Friday. At this point the contestants were reduced to 32 teams.
The Second Round (Round 32) is played on Saturday and Sunday immediately after the first half. The second round consists of Thursday's winners who played in eight matches on Saturday, followed by Friday's winners playing in the remaining eight second round matches on Sunday. So, after the first weekend, 16 teams remain, commonly known as "Sweet Sixteen."
Regional semifinal and final
The teams that are still competing after first-week advance to the regional semi-final ( Sweet Sixteen ) and the final ( Elite Eight ), played during the second weekend of the tournament (again, divided into Thursday/Saturday and Friday/Sunday). Four regional semi-final matches played on Thursday and four played Friday. After Friday's match, 8 teams (Eighty eight) remain. Saturday featured two regional finals matching Thursday's winners and two Sunday's final matches of Friday's winners. After the second weekend of the tournament, four regional champions are "Final Four."
Final Four
The winners of each region advance to the Final Four, where the national semifinals are played on Saturday and the national championships are played on Monday. As mentioned above, which regional champions will play, and where the semifinals they play are determined by the overall ranking of the four seeds. 1 in the original group, not on the fourth ranks of the Finalist team itself.
Maps NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament
Winner and appearance
Title by year
Title by school
- The following is a list of all schools that have won at least one NCAA Boys' Basketball Tournament, along with the year in which they won their championship.
* The 2013 title is emptied by NCAA.
Mid-large teams
Large-medium teams - defined, in 2018, as teams from the East America Conference, the Atlantic Sun Conference (ASUN), the Big Sky Conference, Big South Conference, the Big West Conference (USA), Horizon League (Horizon), Ivy League (Ivy), Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC), Mid-American Conference (MAC), Athletic Conferences MVC, NW, Ohio Valley Conference (OVC), Patriot League (Patriot), Southern Conference (SoCon), Southern Conference Conference (MAC) South West), the Southwest Athletic Conference (SWAC), the Summit League (Sunmit), the West Coast Conference (WCC), and the Western Athletic Conference (WAC) - have experienced success in the tournament at various times.
The last time, in 2018, the middle-tier team won the National Championships was 1990 when UNLV won with a 103-73 victory over Duke, as UNLV went on to become a member of the Big West and since 2011 has been a member of MW; Big West is not considered a power conference, nor is it MW at the moment. The last time, in 2018, an independent mid-major team winning the National Championships was 1977 when Marquette won with a 67-59 victory over North Carolina. However, at the time, a significant minority of the NCAA Division I schools were still independent, with some of them, including Marquette, which is a traditional basketball force. (Marquette is now a member of the Big East Conference, a non-soccer league that is universally regarded as a major basketball conference.) Last time, to this day, the mid-sized teams of the small media market (defined as the market of the top 25 television markets in America United in 2018) won the 1962 National Championship when Cincinnati, then at MVC, won 71-59 over Ohio State of the Big Ten, since the Cincinnati TV market is listed 35 in the country by 2018. However, there is much less division between "big "and" mid-large "conferences in 1962.
The last time the Final Four was drawn up, by 2018, at least 75% of the middle teams (3/4), ie not including all current major conferences or their predecessors, was 1979, where the State of Indiana, then as now from the Valley Conference Missouri; Penn, then like now in the Ivy League; and DePaul, then an independent, participated in the Final Four, only to see the State of Indiana lost to Michigan State. The last time, in 2018, the Final Four consists of at least 50% of the mid-major teams (2/4) are 2011, when the VCU, then from the Colonial Athletics Association, and Butler, then from the Horizon League, participate in the Final Four, only to see Butler lose to Connecticut. The two latest Final Fours have involved a mid-major team with the definitions used here - tournaments 2017 and 2018, where Gonzaga and Loyola-Chicago are each involved (though Gonzaga is arguably not a "mid-major" "Team though WCC membership, given that 2018 marks the 20th straight appearance in the tournament.) Until now, in 2018, there is no Final Four consisting of 100% of the main team (4/4), therefore ensuring the mid-major team wins the Championship National.
The tournament with the most important success is the 1970 tournament, where Sweet Sixteen, Elite Eight, Final Four and National Championship Game have 63% representation of mid-major teams in Sweet 16 (10/16), 75 Representation% in Elite 8 (6/8), a 75% representation in Final 4 (3/4), and 50% representation in National Championship Game (1/2). Jacksonville lost to UCLA at the National Championships, with New Mexico State defeating St. Bonaventure for third place.
Below is a table showing the performance of the mid-major teams from the Sweet Sixteen round to the National Championship Game from 1939 - the first year of the tournament - until 2018.
- Notes
- The first column is a list of every major mid-conference. For conferences that have the name of the predecessor, the footnote (under the table) lists the name and year. Across the names of each conference are schools that have appeared in tournaments from Sweet Sixteen and beyond when the school is a member of a conference or conference of its predecessor.
- Some conferences now regarded as mid-major are considered major conferences in the past. As an example:
- The USA conference was considered a major conference on its formation in 1995. It was arguably a mid-major in 2005, when some of its more prominent teams left for the Big East Conference, undoubtedly being the mid-major. during the initial redesign cycle of 2010.
- The WAC was considered a major conference until 1999, when 8 of its 16 members went to form the Western Mountain Conference.
- MW is considered the premier basketball conference until 2011, when two of the most famous basketball programs (BYU and Utah) went to other conferences (West Coast Conference and Pac-12, respectively).
Conference dead and independent
This table shows medium-to-large teams that see success in tournaments from current-dead or independent conferences.
The tournament drought
List of schools with the longest time between NCAA tournament performances (minimum 20 years of drought):
Through 2018, four schools deemed "major colleges" by the Associated Press when it published its first college basketball rating in 1948, and have been continuously in the "main" AP classification, have not reached a national tournament. While the NCAA was not divided into divisions until 1956 (universities and colleges), the AP has distinguished "major colleges" from "small colleges" throughout the history of its basketball ratings.
Evolution of the Tournament
The NCAA tournament has changed its format many times over the years, many of which are listed below.
Field expansion
The NCAA tournament has evolved several times throughout its history.
After the conclusion of the 2010 tournament, there has been speculation about increasing the size of the tournament to as many as 128 teams. On April 1, 2010, the NCAA announced that they are looking for an expansion to 96 teams for 2011. On April 22, the NCAA announced a new television contract with CBS/Turner which expanded the field to 68 teams.
From 2011 to 2015, round 64 is considered a second round; starting in 2016, round 64 is again considered the first round.
Save history and statistics
The seeding process was first used in 1978 for teams that automatically qualified (Q) and at-large (L) respectively, and then for all teams within their respective territories in 1979. Starting in 2004, the NCAA began releasing number of complete breeding known. Seed # 1 overall.
# 1 seed by year and region
When nurseries, the NCAA has used the following names for four areas with the exception of 2004 to 2006 when they were named after the host city:
- East
- Western
- Midwest ("Southwest" in 2011)
- South (1998-2010 & amp; 2012-present, "Middle East" 1957-1984, "Southeast" 1985-1999 & amp; 2011)
* Be equipped.
Bold signifies the team also wins the tournament.
  Entire # 1 Seed starting in 2004.
For now, only Kentucky and Virginia have the # 1 Seed in each of the four areas
# # by school
Last updated until 2018 tournament.
* Discharged view is excluded (see # 1 seed by year and region).
Venues
For a list of all the cities and arenas that run the Four Final, go to Host cities, below.
Municipal Auditorium in Kansas City, Missouri hosted the Final Four nine times followed by Madison Square Garden third in New York City which hosts seven times, and Louisville's Freedom Hall which hosts six times. In addition, Indianapolis has held the Final Four seven times, in three places.
Size and stadium dome
From 1997 to 2013, the NCAA required that all Final Four sessions take place in a domed stadium with a minimum capacity of 40,000, typically having only half of the dome used. The Metrodome in Minneapolis, which usually hosts baseball and football, has one long edge of court along the first base line by standing temporarily around the pitch so much of the outfield is isolated from the action. The same goes for soccer stadiums like Alamodome in San Antonio and RCA Dome in Indianapolis. The final NBA arena to host the Final Four is the Meadowlands Arena, later known as Continental Airlines Arena, in 1996. In 2009, the minimum increased to 70,000, adding additional seats on the floor of the dome, and enhancing the trials on the platform three feet above floor dome, which is usually crowned for football, such as the arrangements at Ford Field in Detroit that hosted the 2009 Final Final.
In September 2012, the NCAA initiated a preliminary discussion on the possibility of returning the occasional Final Fours to a special basketball arena in a major metropolitan area. According to ESPN.com author Andy Katz, when Mark Lewis was hired as executive vice president of the NCAA for the championship during 2012, "he pulled out a map of the United States and saw that the two beaches were largely excluded from hosting.. "Lewis added in an interview with Katz,
I do not know where this will lead, if anywhere, but the right thing is to sit down and have this conversation and see if we want our championship in more than eight cities or do we like to play exclusively in the dome. None of the cities where we play our championships are New York, Boston, Los Angeles, Chicago or Miami. We do not play on campus. We play in the professional football arena.
Under the current criteria, only nine stadiums, all but one of which is where the current NFL, can be considered a Final Four location:
- AT & amp; T Stadium, Arlington
- AT & T Stadium; originally known as the Cowboys Stadium, holds the world basketball presence record when 108,713 attended the 2010 NBA All-Star Game.
- Dome at the American Center, St. Louis
- Ford Field, Detroit
- Lucas Oil Stadium, Indianapolis
- Mercedes-Benz Stadium, Atlanta
- replaced Georgia Dome, operational August 1992-April 2017
- Mercedes-Benz Superdome, New Orleans
- NRG Stadium, Houston
- Phoenix University Stadium, Glendale
- US. Stadion Bank, Minneapolis
- replaces Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, operational April 1982-January 2014
Two domed stadiums that have hosted the Final Fours - Alamodome (1998, 2004, 2008, 2018) and Tropicana Field in St. Louis. Petersburg, Florida (1999) - is considered too small to be accommodated, although there is the Alamodome college football stadium and has a permanent seating capacity of 65,000. The basketball setting at Alamodome before 2018 uses only half of the stadium and has a capacity of 39,500. It was changed for Final Four 2018 to place a high court at the center of the stadium as it has done with other football facilities.
The first example of a domed stadium used for the Final 9 NCAA Tournament was the Houston Astrodome in 1971, but Final Four would not return to the vault until 1982, when the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans hosted the event for the first time.
On June 12, 2013, Katz reported that the NCAA had changed its policy. In July 2013, the NCAA has a portal available on its website for where to make Final Four proposals in the 2017-2020 period, and there are no proposal restrictions based on the size of the premises. Also, the NCAA decides that future regional will no longer be held in the dome. In Katz's report, Lewis points out that the use of the dome for the region is intended as a dry washout for future Final Four places, but this special policy is no longer necessary because all the Final Four sites from 2014 to 2016 have hosted the region. At least one other report indicates that the new policy will still allow a completely new vaulted stadium, or an existing dome that has never hosted a Final Four (such as the Phoenix University Stadium), to receive a regional if given the future of Final Four. In November 2014, reflecting the effects of the new policy, the NCAA announced that the University of Phoenix Stadium will host the Final Four by 2017.
Other changes
Offer per conference
Before 1975, only one team per conference could be in the NCAA tournament. However, after some high ranking teams in the country were denied entry into the tournament (for example, South Carolina, which is 14-0 in the regular season ACC played during 1970 but lost in the ACC tournament; Southern Cal, who was ranked # 2 in the nation during 1971; and Maryland, which ranked # 3 in the country in 1974 but lost the ACC tournament championship to the eventual national champions North Carolina State), the NCAA began putting big teams in the tournament, not just the conference champions. Sometimes during the pre-at-large era, NIT tournaments compete for prestige with NCAA tournaments. However, in the 1950s the NCAA ruled that no team could compete in both tournaments. But when Marquette's 8th ranking declined his invitation in 1970 after coach Al McGuire complained about the regional placement of the Warriors and instead went to NIT (which he won), the NCAA changed the rules to ban teams that rejected the NCAA Tournament offer from participating in every post-season tournament. Since then, the NCAA tournament has clearly become a major one, with the champions of the conference and the majority of the top-ranked teams participating in it.
Entertainment game
The third place game was held from 1946 to 1981. In addition, when the tournament was first held in 1939 with only two territories (East and West), the West held third place matches, but the East did not. The East started holding its own third-place game in 1941, and from that time every region held its third game through the 1975 tournament.
Play-In Games
Beginning in 2001, the field expanded from 64 to 65 teams, adding to the tournament that was informally known as the "game play". This was a response to the creation of the Western Mountain Conference during 1999. Initially, West Mountain tournament winners did not accept automatic bids, and doing so would mean the removal of one of the big bids. As an alternative to eliminating huge offers, the NCAA expanded the tournament to 65 teams. Seeds # 64 and # 65 are seeded in the regional bracket as 16a/16b seeds, and then play the Rounding Opening Games of the Men's NCAA Division Opening ("game play") on Tuesday before the first weekend of the tournament. This game is always played at the University of Dayton Arena in Dayton, Ohio.
During 2011, the tournament expanded to 68 teams. Four "play-in" games are now played, officially known as "First Four". However, teams playing in the First Four are not automatically featured # 16; their hatchery is determined by the committee on Sunday Selection. Explaining the reasons for this format, the chairman of the election committee Dan Guerrero said, "We feel that if we are going to expand the field it will create better drama for the tournament if the Four First is much more interesting." They can all be in 10 rows or 12 rows or 11 rows. "
Play-In Playing Names
From 1985 to 2010, a round of 64 teams and 32 games was called "first round", while a round of 32 teams and 16 games was called "second round". From 2011 to 2015, "Four First" became the first half. Round after "Four First", round 64 played on Thursday and Friday, called "second round"; round 32 is then called "third round", consisting of games played on Saturday and Sunday. In 2016, naming back to round 64 becomes "first round" once again, and round 32 becomes "the second round".
Pod System
For the 1985 to 2001 tournaments, all teams playing in the first or second round locations are entered into the same regional site. Since 2002, the tournament has used a "pod system" designed to limit the initial journey of as many teams as possible. In a pod system, each of the first and second round sites is given two pods, in which each group of four teams play each other. Pod host sites may come from different regions, and thus the winners of each pod will advance to separate regional tournaments.
Possible pods with nursery are:
- Pod # 1: 1v16, 8v9
- Pod # 2: 2v15, 7v10
- Pod # 3: 3v14, 6v11
- Pod # 4: 4v13, 5v12
National Semi-Finals
Since 2004, the semifinal match during the first day of the Final Four weekend has been determined by procedures based on the original breeding of the full field. From 1973 to 2003, pitting regional champions in the semifinals was in turn. Prior to 1973, a semi-final was matched by the eastern champions, and the others matched the western champions.
Other notes
Benefits of home court
On several occasions, the NCAA tournament teams play their games in their home arena. In 1959, Louisville played at his regular house Freedom Hall; However, the Cardinal lost to West Virginia in the semi-finals. In 1984, Kentucky defeated Illinois, 54-51 at Elite Eight in his home court Rupp Arena. In 1985, Dayton played his first-round match against Villanova (losing 51-49) on the floor of his home. In 1986 (beating Brown before losing to the Navy) and '87 (beating Georgia Southern and Western Kentucky), Syracuse played the first 2 rounds of the NCAA tournament at Carrier Dome. Also in 1986, LSU played in Baton Rouge on the home floor for the first 2 rounds despite being the 11th seed (beating Purdue and the State of Memphis). In 1987, Arizona lost UTEP on the floor of his home in the first half. In 2015, Dayton plays at his regular home at UD Arena, and the Flyers beat Boise State in the Big Four.
Since the birth of the modern Final Four in 1952, only one team played the Final Four in its original field - Louisville in 1959. But through the 2015 tournament, three other teams have played Final Four in their home town, one other team has played in the metropolitan area, and six additional teams have played the Four Final in their home country through the 2015 tournament. Kentucky (1958 in Louisville), UCLA (1968 and 1972 in Los Angeles, 1975 in San Diego), and North Carolina State (1974 in Greensboro) won the national title; Louisville (1959 in his home arena, Freedom Hall); Purdue (1980 in Indianapolis) lost in the Final Four; and California (1960 in the suburbs of San Francisco), Duke (1994 in Charlotte), Michigan State (2009 in Detroit), and Butler (2010 in Indianapolis) lost in the final.
In 1960, Cal had the advantage of Louisville in the previous year, only having to cross San Francisco Bay to play in the Final Four at Cow Palace in Daly City; Golden Bears lost the championship game to Ohio State. UCLA had the same advantage in 1968 and 1972 when it advanced to the Final Four at the Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena, not many miles from the Bruins' homecourt of Pauley Pavilion (as well as the UCLA home arena before the last place opened in 1965, and again during the 2011- 12 while Pauley is closed due to renovations); unlike Louisville and Cal, the Bruins won the national title on both occasions. Butler lost the 2010 title 6 miles (9.7 km) from his campus in Indianapolis and is considered the host school, as often whenever the NCAA holds a tournament in Indianapolis (in the 2013 tournament, the former Butler conference, the Horizon League, is considered the host for Midwest area than Butler).
Before the Final Four was established, regional East and West held in separate places, with the winners advancing to the title game. During that era, three New York City teams, all from Manhattan, played in the Eastern Conference at Madison Square Garden - often used as a "big game" by each team - and advanced at least to the national semis. NYU won the Eastern Conference in 1945 but lost the title game, also held in Garden, to Oklahoma A & amp; M. CCNY played in the Eastern Region in 1947 and 1950; The beaver lost in the East final of 1947 until finally champion the Holy Cross but won the title of the Eastern and National Area 1950 in the Park.
In 1974, North Carolina State won the NCAA tournament without leaving the state in North Carolina. The team is stationed in the Eastern Conference, and plays its regional match at the Reynolds Coliseum cage arena. NC State played the last four games and the national championship at the nearby Greensboro Coliseum.
Although not his native country, Kansas has played in a championship game in Kansas City, Missouri, just 45 minutes from campus in Lawrence, Kansas, not once, but four times. In 1940, 1953, and 1957 Jayhawks lost a championship game each time at the Municipal Auditorium. In 1988, playing at Kemper Arena Kansas City, Kansas won the championship, over Oklahoma's Big Eight-rivals. Similarly, in 2005, Illinois played at St. Louis, Missouri, where he enjoys a real homecourt advantage, but still loses his championship match to North Carolina.
Controversy flag
The NCAA has banned the Bon Secours Wellness Arena, originally known as the Bi-Lo Center, and Colonial Life Arena, originally the Colonial Center, in South Carolina from the tournament game hosts, despite their size (16,000 and 18,000 seats, respectively) due to NAACP protests at the Bi-Lo Center during the first and second rounds of the 2002 tournament over the country's refusal to completely remove the Confederate Battle Flag from the state military base, although it had been moved from above the capitol building to a less prominent place in 2000. Following demand by NAACP and Black The Coaches Association, the Bi-Lo Center, and the newly built Colonial Center, built for the purpose of organizing the tournament, are prohibited to host upcoming tournaments. As a result of the removal of the battle flag from the South Carolina State Capitol, the NCAA lifted its ban on the South Carolina hosting game in 2015, and it was able to host in 2017 due to House Bill 2 (see next section).
House Bill 2
On September 12, 2016, the NCAA stripped the State of North Carolina to host the upcoming seven college sports tournaments and championships held by the association, including the first-round match of the NCAA Division 2017 Men's Basketball Tournament scheduled for the Greensboro Coliseum. The NCAA argues that House Bill 2 makes it "difficult to ensure that the host community can help provide [inclusive atmosphere]". Bon Secours Wellness Arena managed to secure the offer to become a replacement site.
Rituals and influences
Reduce the nets
As a tournament ritual, the winning team cuts the net at the end of a regional championship game as well as a national championship game. Starting with seniors, and moving down with the class, each player cuts one strand from each net; head coach cut the last strand connecting the net to the ring, claiming the net itself. The exception to head coaches cutting the last strand came in 2013, when head coach Rick Pitino gave the honor to Kevin Ware, who suffered a catastrophic foot injury during the tournament. The tradition is credited to Everett Case, the North Carolina State coach, who stood on the shoulders of his players for achievement after Wolfpack won the Southern Conference tournament in 1947. CBS, from 1987 and year to 2015, in the year since 2017, and TBS, 2016, even-year, closing tournament with One Shining Moment, by Luther Vandross.
Team rewards
Just like the Olympics that award the gold, silver and bronze medals for first, second, and third place, respectively, the NCAA rewards the National Champion of a NCAA National Championship trophy-plated trophy. The losers of the championship game received a silver-plated National Silver Runner-up trophy for second place. Since 2006, the four Final Four teams have received a bronze NCAA Regional Championship trophy; before 2006, only teams that did not make title games received copper-coated trophies for third place.
The champions also received a warning gold ring ring, and three other Final Four teams received the Final Four rings.
The National Association of Basketball Coaches also presents a more elaborate marble/crystal trophy for the winning team. It's as if this award was awarded for taking the top spot in the final poll of the NABC season, but it's always the same as winning the NCAA championship game. In 2005, Siemens AG acquired the naming rights for the NABC trophy, now called the Siemens Trophy. Previously, the NABC trophy was presented right after the standard NCAA championship trophy, but this caused confusion. Since 2006, the Siemens/NABC Trophy has been presented separately at a press conference the day after the game.
Most Extraordinary Players
After the championship trophy is awarded, one player is selected and then awarded the Most Valuable Player (which almost always comes from the champions team). This is not meant to be the same as the Most Valuable Player Award. Although it is sometimes called informally that way.
Influence on the NBA draft
Since the National Basketball Association draft takes place just three months after the NCAA tournament, NBA executives must decide how the players' performance in a maximum of seven matches, from the First Four to the championship games, should influence their draft decisions. A 2012 study for the National Economic Research Bureau explores how the March tournament affected the way professional teams behaved in the June draft. This study is based on data from 1997 to 2010 that saw how college tournament standouts were conducted at the NBA level.
The researchers determined that a player who outperformed his regular season average or who was in a team that won more matches than his seed would show would be compiled higher than he should have been. At the same time, research shows that professional teams do not take college tournament performance into consideration as much as it should be, since success in the tournament is correlated with elite professional achievement, especially top-level success, in which players make the NBA All-Star Team three or more times. "If anything, the NBA team does not appreciate the signals given by the unexpected performance at NCAA March Madness tournament as a predictor of NBA success in the future."
Television coverage and revenue
Current television contract
Since 2010, the NCAA has a joint contract with CBS and Turner Sports, a division of Time Warner (which has a CW Television Network with CBS). The tournament coverage is divided between CBS, TNT, TBS, and truTV.
Broadcasters from CBS, TBS, and TNT sports coverage are shared across four networks, with a CBS campus basketball team equipped with NBA Turner team, while the studio segment takes place at CBS Broadcast Center in New York City and Turner's studio in Atlanta. In a New York-based studio show, CBS 'Greg Gumbel and Clark Kellogg joined Ernie Johnson, Jr., Kenny Smith, and Charles Barkley from TNT's Inside the NBA while Seth Davis of CBS helped with Matt Winer and various NBA TV characters. While the main NBA Turner, Marv Albert and Kevin Harlan, are already employed by CBS in other capacities, they also lend Chris Webber, Grant Hill and Reggie Miller analysts and secondary play-by-play man Brian Anderson to CBS. In turn, CBS broadcaster Jim Nantz, Brad Nessler, Spero Dedes, and Andrew Catalon appeared on Turner's broadcast network along with Len Elmore analyst Bill Raftery, Dan Bonner, Mike Gminski and Doug Gottlieb.
The current contract runs through 2024 and, for the first time in history, provides for national broadcast every year of all tournament matches. All First Four games are broadcast on truTV. The first or second seed game at any time of the "window" is broadcast on CBS, while all other games are featured on TBS, TNT or truTV. The semi-final area, better known as Sweet Sixteen, is shared between CBS and TBS. CBS has exclusive rights to the regional finals, also known as the Elite Eight, until 2014. The exclusivity is extended throughout the Final Four as well, but after Turner Sport 2013 tournaments are selected to execute contract options for 2014 and 2015 giving TBS broadcasting rights to national semifinals. CBS retains the right of its national championship match.
Since 2015, CBS and TBS divide the Elite Eight coverage. Since 2016 CBS and TBS have changed coverage of the Final Four and national championship games, with TBS getting the last two rounds on even-year, and CBS getting the game in odd years. March Madness On Demand will remain unchanged, although Turner is allowed to develop their own services.
CBS broadcasts provide the NCAA with more than $ 500 million per year, and generate more than 90% of NCAA's annual revenue. Revenue from multibillion-dollar television contracts is shared between division basketball divisions and conferences as follows:
- 1/6 of the money goes straight into school based on how much exercise they play (one "share" for each sport starting with 14, which is the minimum required for Division I membership).
- 1/3 of the money goes straight into the school based on how many scholarships they provide (one for each of the first 50, two for each of 50, ten for each of the next 50, and 20 for any scholarships above 150).
- 1/2 of the money goes to the conference based on how well they did in six previous men's basketball tournaments (counting each year separately, one part for each team going in, and one share for every win except in Final Four and, before the 2008 tournament, Play-in game). In 2007, based on the 2001 to 2006 tournament, Big East received more than $ 14.85 million, while eight conferences that did not win the first round match in the six years received a little over $ 1 million each. Most conferences distribute most of the income equally to member institutions, regardless of their performance.
Men's First Division Basketball Tournament is the only NCAA championship tournament in which the NCAA does not save a profit.
History of television coverage
CBS has been a major NCAA partner in broadcasting tournaments since 1982, but there have been many changes in coverage since the tournament was first aired in 1969.
Initial broadcast coverage
From 1969 to 1981, the NCAA tournament was broadcast on NBC, but not all games were broadcast on television. The initial round, in particular, is not always visible on TV.
In 1982, CBS gained television broadcast rights to the NCAA tournament.
In the same year when CBS acquired rights to Big Dance, ESPN began to show the opening round of the tournament. This is the first network contract signed with the NCAA for major sports, and helped set the following ESPN among college basketball fans. ESPN showed six first-round matches on Thursday and again on Friday, with CBS then taking the seventh game at 11:30 ET. Thus, 14 of the 32 first-round matches are broadcast on television. ESPN also ran the game last night. At that time, there was only one ESPN network, without the ability to divide signals regionally, so ESPN showed only the most competitive games. During the 1980s, the popularity of tournaments on television soared.
CBS takes over
However, ESPN became a victim of its own success, as CBS was awarded the right to close all NCAA tournament games, starting in 1991. Only with the introduction of so-called "play" games (between 64 seeds) and 65 seeds) in the 2000s, did ESPN back in the game (and in fact, the first time this "play" game was played in 2001, the game was aired on TNN, using CBS graphics and broadcasters CBS and TNN were equally owned by Viacom at the time).
Throughout 2010, CBS broadcasted 63 matches remaining from the NCAA tournament. Most of the region saw only eight of the first 32 round matches, seven of 16 second round matches, and four of the eight regional semifinal matches (out of 56 matches during this round, there will be some exceptions to this rule in the 2000s). Coverage precedes regular programming on the network, except for 2 hours from about 5 ET to 7 ET when local affiliates can show programming. The CBS format generates much less first-round coverage hours than under the old ESPN format but allows the game to reach a much larger audience than ESPN can reach.
During the near exclusivity period by CBS, the network is assigned to its local affiliates three feed types from each place: constant feed , swing feed , and flex feed . Constant feeds remain primarily on certain games, and are used primarily by stations with clear local interest in certain games. Regardless of its name, constant baits sometimes turn to other games for short updates (as is typical in most American sports coverage), but coverage generally remains with the initial game. Swing baits tend to stick to games that are believed to appeal to locality, like teams from local conferences, but may let the game go to other games that during their progress into close matches. In flexible feeds, coverage bounces from place to place, depending on the action in various matches in progress. If one game is a blast, coverage can switch to a more competitive game. Bending baits are given when there is no game with significant local importance for the station to carry them, allowing the flexible game to be the best game in progress. The station feed was pre-planned and the station has the option to request constant or flexible feed for various games.
View options appear
In 1999, DirecTV began broadcasting all games not shown on local television with premium Mega March Madness package. The DirecTV system uses customer zip codes for black games that can be viewed on broadcast television. Before that, all games are available on C-Band satellite and picked up by sports bar.
In 2003, CBS made a deal with Yahoo! to offer live streaming of the first three rounds of games under Yahoo! Platinum Service, for $ 16.95 per month. In 2004, CBS began selling viewership to March Madness On Demand, which provides games not shown on broadcast television; this service is free for AOL customers. In 2006, March Madness On Demand was made free, and continues to be so for online users through the 2011 tournament. For 2012, once again became a payment service, with a single payment of $ 3.99 providing access to all 67 matches tournament. In 2013, the service, now renamed March Madness Live, is again free, but uses Turner's privileges and infrastructure for TV Everywhere, which requires sign-in even if the password from a subscriber or satellite provider cable for watch games, either via PC/Mac and mobile devices. Those who do not have cable or satellite services or who do not participate in Turner's TV Everywhere are limited to games performed on CBS national feeds and three hours (originally four) from other games without logging in, or coverage via Westwood One radio coverage. Effective with the 2018 tournament, the national semifinals and finals are under the limits of TV Everywhere if they are aired by Turner's network; before that, certain games were not subject to such restrictions.
In addition, the CBS Sports Network (formerly CBS College Sports Network) has aired two "early end" games that will not be broadcast nationwide. This is the second game in the afternoon session in the Pacific Time Zone, to avoid starting before 10 am. The game is also available through March Madness Live and in CBS affiliates in the market area of ​​the team playing. In other markets, newscasts, local programs or delayed CBS morning programming will be aired. CBSSN is scheduled to continue broadcasting official pregame and postgame events and press conferences from the teams involved, along with a re-show.
HDTV coverage
Final Four has been broadcast on HDTV since 1999. From 2000 to 2004, only one first/second round and one regional site designated as HDTV sites. In 2005, all regional games were broadcast on HDTV, and four first and second round sites were set for HDTV coverage. Local and digital broadcast stations have the option to display separate games on their HD and SD channels, to take advantage of the high definition coverage available. Starting in 2007, all games in the tournament (including all first and second round games) are available in high definition, and local stations are required to show the same game on their analog and digital channels. However, due to satellite limitations, the first round "constant" feed is only available in standard definitions. In addition, several digital television stations, such as WRAL-TV in Raleigh, North Carolina, opted not to participate in the first and second rounds of HDTV broadcasts and regional semifinals, and used the available bandwidth to split their signals into digital sub-channels for display. all games take place together. In 2008, upgrades at CBS's broadcast center allowed all the bait, flexible and constant, to be in HD for the tournament.
International broadcast
In 2011, ESPN International holds international broadcasting rights for the tournament, distributing coverage to the joint-owned network and other broadcasters. ESPN produces a world feed for broadcasts from the Final Four and championship games, produced using ESPN Basketball Staff and commentators.
Tournament statistics
Low seeded team
The most successful low seed
Best results for low seeds since expansion to 64 teams in 1985:
Best show by No. 16 seeds
In 2018, UMBC became the number-six seed to beat No. 1. 1 in the men's tournament, surprising Virginia 74-54. Before this breakthrough, five other 16 seeds were lost with 4 or fewer points:
- While in the end Murray State lost to Michigan State with 4 points (75-71) in 1990, it was the No. 1 team. 16 who have taken the game overtime.
- The State of East Tennessee lost to Oklahoma in 1989 (1 point, 72-71)
- Princeton lost to Georgetown in 1989 (1 point, 50-49)
- West Carolina lost to Purdue in 1996 (2 points, 73-71)
- Fairleigh Dickinson lost to Michigan in 1985 (4 points, 59-55)
Additional low-seed statistics
- Villanova in 1985, No. No. 8, is the lowest seeded team to win the tournament.
- The lowest-ever championship combination ever in a national championship match is a couple from 7th seed, Connecticut, and No. 1 seed. 8 seeded Kentucky. Connecticut won, to become the second lowest seeded team to win the tournament.
- Top pair No. 8 Butler and No. 11 seed VCU in the 2011 National Semifinal match has the lowest winning combination (No. 8 v. 11) who has played in the National Semifinals.
- Penn's 1979 Final Four appearance is also notable as they make it the No. 9 seed - out of 10 teams in their region - making them the lowest seed to make Final Four in the pre-64-team era.
- Butler is the only team that makes the Fours Final in a row (let alone the Championship Games) while not being No. No. 1 or No. 2 good time (No. 5 of 2010, No. 8 of 2011).
- 1991, 2013 and 2016 are the only years in which at least one team from each seed (other than Number 16) progresses to Round 32.
- Richmond is the only team to win a first-round match ranked as No. No. 15, No. 14, No. 13, and No. 12.
- 2012 is the only tournament featuring two surprises with No. 15 seeds on No. seeds. 2 in round 64 (already there are eight all the time).
- 1986, 1995, and 2015 are the only tournaments featuring two surprises by No. seeds. 14 for seed No. 3 in round 64.
- 2014 produces the highest total seed differential in the NCAA Tournament, with 111 in all rounds of the game. That is, the aggregate seed difference among 22 matches was won by the lower seeded teams ( for example , No. 14 Mercer over No. 3 Duke, No. 8 Kentucky over No. 1 Wichita State) was 111.
- 2013 is the only tournament with three leading teams. 12 or lower in Sweet Sixteen: No. 12 Oregon, No. 13 La Salle, and No. 15 Florida Gulf Coast.
- 2017, South Carolina entered as the 7th seed in their territory, defeating the No. 4 Duke. 2, Baylor, No. No. 3 and Florida, No. No. 4 to reach the Final Four.
- The South of 2018 is the first area since the hatchery started in 1979 where no 4th seed went to Sweet Sixteen (No. 5 Kentucky, No. 7 Nevada, No. 9 Kansas State, No. 11 Loyola- Chicago).
- Next, the Elite Eight pair of No. 9 Kansas State and No. 11 Loyola-Chicago is the lowest-seeded pair playing in the Regional Final.
- Georgetown are the only team to have lost in five consecutive tournaments matches against a seed team at least five points lower:
- 2008 (Act 32): No. 10 Davidson 74, No. 2 Georgetown 70.
- 2010 (Act 64): No. 14 Ohio 97, No. 3 Georgetown 83.
- 2011 (Round 64): No. 11 VCU 74, No. 6 Georgetown 56.
- 2012 (Round 32): No. 11 NC State 66, No. 3 Georgetown 63.
- 2013 (Act 64): No. 15 Florida Gulf Coast 78, No. 2 Georgetown 68.
Important dot dot
As mentioned above, although there are many examples of tournament turmoil early, only one seeded No. 1 ever lost in the first round to No. No. 16. However, whilst hatchery is one way of measuring the impact of annoyance, prior to seeding, point distribution is a better determinant of annoyance, and the disadvantage by a highly favored team remains for many "upset" definitions.
- The biggest disruption scattered since the expansion to 64 teams in 1985 : Norfolk State 21.5 to Missouri 86-84 in 2012
- The Biggest Point Disorder in NCAA Championship Game history :
- Connecticut 9.5 over Duke, 77-74, in 1999
- Villanova 9 above Georgetown, 66-64, in 1985
- Kansas 8 during Oklahoma, 83-79, in 1988
- North Carolina State 7.5 above Houston, 54-52 in 1983
- Texas Western 6.5 over Kentucky, 72-65 in 1966
Top seeded teams
All seeds no. 1 in Final Four
It has happened only once that the four seeds no. 1 made it to Final Four:
- 2008 - Kansas (champion), North Carolina, UCLA, Memphis
Final Fours without seeds No. 1
Three times (twice since the field expanded to 64 teams), Final Four has no seeds. 1:
- 1980 - No. 2 Louisville (champion), No. 5 Iowa, No. 6 Purdue, No. 8 UCLA
- 2006 - No. 2 UCLA, No. 3 Florida (champion), No. 4 LSU, No. 11 George Mason
- 2011 - No. 3 Connecticut (champion), No. 4 Kentucky, No. 8 Butler, No. 11 VCU
Since 1985, there are 4 examples of three no seeds. 1 which reaches the Four Final; 13 examples of two no seeds. 1 who made it; and 14 examples from only one seed. 1 which reached the Four Final.
No. 1 seed in the Championship Game
There have been eight occasions (seven times since the field expanded to 64) that the championship game has been played between two seeds. 1:
- 1982 - North Carolina beats Georgetown
- 1993 - North Carolina beats Michigan
- 1999 - Connecticut
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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