Miliaria

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Miliaria , also called " sweat sweat ", is a skin disease characterized by a small, itchy rash. Miliaria is a common disease in hot and humid conditions, such as in the tropics and during the summer. Although it affects people of all ages, it is very common in children and babies because of their undeveloped sweat glands.

Video Miliaria

Signs and symptoms

Symptoms of miliaria include a small red rash, called the papules, which are irritated and itchy. This can occur simultaneously in some areas of the patient's body, most commonly including the upper chest, neck, elbow crease, under the breast and under the scrotum. Other areas include skin folds, areas of the body that may rub against clothing, such as the back, chest, and abdomen, etc. The related and sometimes occurring conditions are folliculitis, in which the hair follicles become clogged with foreign bodies, resulting in inflammation.

The symptoms associated with miliaria should not be confused with herpes zoster because they can be very similar. Herpes zoster will limit itself to one side of the body but also has a rash-like appearance. It is also accompanied by sensations and pain throughout the region. Those who suspect they have herpes zoster instead of miliary should seek immediate medical advice because the sooner the antivirus is taken, the better.

Maps Miliaria

Type

Miliaria can be classified according to the upper level where obstruction occurs in the sweat glands.

Miliaria crystalline

The most superficial obstruction (with the mildest clinical presentation), known as miliaria crystalline ; Instead of a rash, patients come with small lesions like abrasions that look like sweat beads and basically cause no symptoms. Millionth Crystals is also known as "Miliaria crystallina," and "Sudamina". Superficial vesicles are not associated with inflammatory reactions.

Miliaria rubra

The most common form of the disease is miliaria rubra , in which obstruction causes sweat leakage to the deeper layers of the epidermis, provoking local inflammatory reactions and leading to a distinct redness (hence rubra) and larger (but still only a few millimeters), lesions such as blisters. This form of the disease is often accompanied by typical symptoms - intense itching or "sting and puncture" with lack of sweat (anhydrosis) to the affected areas. There is a small risk of fatigue due to the inability to sweat if the rash affects most of the body surface area or the patient continues to engage in heat-generating activity. Miliaria rubra is also known as a "prickly heat sweat" and rash . The differential diagnosis should be used to rule out polycythemia vera, which is a rare hematologic disorder and more common in men than women, generally not before age 40. The two common denominator sharing disorders appear after a hot shower.

Miliaria profunda

The most severe form of miliaria, , sometimes referred to as "fire" due to rapid spread and severe burning sensations, generally occurs as a complication of the recurrent episodes of miliary rubra. The obstruction lies deep within the structure of the sweat glands, causing leach gland secretions between the shallow and deep layers of skin. Rashes, and related symptoms, tend to appear within hours of activity that triggers sweating but also fades within a few hours when the stimulus for sweating is removed. Miliaria profunda is characterized by white papules that are not itchy, colored meat, deep rooted. The rash tends to be meat-colored compared to the prominent miliaria rubra mildia, and the risk of heat exhaustion is greater. Miliaria profunda is also less known as "Mammillaria"

Pustulosa miliaria

Pustular miliaria describes pustules due to inflammation and bacterial infections. Pustular miliaria is preceded by other dermatitis that has caused injury, vandalism, or blocking of sweat ducts.

Postmilliary Hypohidrosis

Postmillarial hypothidrosis is a skin condition caused by occlusion of the sweat and pore ducts, and may be severe enough to interfere with an individual's ability to perform sustainable work in a hot environment.

Asthmaia tropical anhydrotics

Trophic anhidrotic asthenia is a skin condition, a rare form of miliaria, with a durable poral occlusion, which produces anhidrosis and heat retention.

Occlusion miliaria

Occlusion miliaria is a skin condition accompanied by anhydrosis and an increase in heat stress susceptibility, all after extensive application of film polyethylene occlusion for 48 hours or longer.

Miloid colloid

Miloid colloid is a skin condition characterized by 1 to 5-mm-colored, colored, or slightly yellow-colored papules.

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Pathophysiology

Miliaria occurs when a sweat gland channel is clogged due to dead skin cells or bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, a common bacteria that occurs in the skin that is also associated with acne.

Trapped sweat causes irritation (puncture), itching and a very small blister rash, usually in localized skin areas.

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Prevention

Prickly heat can be prevented by avoiding sweating activities, using air conditioning to cool the environment, wear light clothing and in general, avoid hot and humid weather. Frequent cold showers or cold showers with mild soap can help prevent hot rashes.

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Treatment

The main drug for miliaria is wearing lighter clothes, moving to a colder climate, or avoiding overheating of a person's body. The direct treatment of the involved skin area involves the use of a soothing ointment such as calamine lotion.

Medical assistance should be sought for the first episode of the rash with the advent of miliaria. The differential diagnosis includes conditions that must be recognized by an experienced practitioner and may require treatment that is different from the usual course of action taken for miliary. In many cases, the miliary rash will disappear without intervention. However, severe cases can last for weeks and cause significant disability. General measures should be recommended for all patients, including moving to an air-conditioned environment where possible, avoiding activities that trigger sweat and occlusive clothing, and often cold showers.

It has been suggested that topical antibacterial use (including antibacterial soap) may shorten the duration of symptoms in miliary rubra even in the absence of a clear superinfection. Other topical agents that can reduce the severity of symptoms include anti-itch preparations such as calamine-based or menthol or camphor preparations, and topical steroid creams. However, caution should be used with oil-based preparations (oily ointment and cream as opposed to water-based or aqueous lotions) that can increase the blockage to the sweat glands and prolong the duration of the disease. Other agents have been studied including vitamin A and C supplements and vitamin A based drugs, but it should be noted that there is little scientific evidence to support any of the above treatments in reducing the duration of symptoms or frequency of complications.

In most cases, doctors will recommend that abrasions such as acne that may form should have liquids drained out of them (either through procedures at the office or at home in a sterile environment) to avoid the rash from spreading under the skin, leading to an increase in the state of dermatitis. If left untreated, blisters may spread and take on an increased red appearance, with fluid in the viscosity increase. It is recommended by the doctor to clear the infected area and then dry the blisters with a sterilized needle or lancet.

In most tropical areas, local pharmacies sell hot spiny powder, a mixture of talcs containing dried milk protein (Labilin) ​​and Triclosan to fight infections. These include menthol cooling to help alleviate difficulty sleeping. This is an effective treatment - the powder remains in the skin longer and treats the dispersed bacteria into the bed sheet, providing a fairly dry area of ​​protection for healing. Miliaria often covers large areas, and the use of generous Cortisone can be contraindicated for reasons stated on the package warning. The usual talcum powder will not reduce the rash but can ease the burning and itching.

In cases where the rash has progressed to an open blister or pustular lesion, the doctor should be consulted because more aggressive and medically supervised treatment may be necessary.

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See also

• cholinergic urticaria

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References

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External links

• DermNet hair-nails-sweat/miliaria

• Prickly Heat & amp; Miliaria Help & amp; Advice in Ordinary English
• Prickly Heat in Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Home Edition - with images
• WebMd Description
• Clinical picture of hot rash/prickly heat - Skinsight

Source of the article : Wikipedia