In basketball, free throws or dirty shots are unresolved attempts to score points by firing from behind a free-throw line (informally known as a line of offense or charity), lines located at the end of the forbidden area. Free throwing is generally given after a foul on the shooter by the opposing team. Each successful free throw is worth one point.
Video Free throw
Description
Free throwing can usually be done with a high percentage by a good player. In the NBA, most players make up 70-80% of their efforts. The best league shooters (like Steve Nash, Rick Barry, Ray Allen, JosÃÆ'Â © CalderÃÆ'³n, Stephen Curry, Reggie Miller, Kevin Durant, and Dirk Nowitzki) can make up about 90% of their efforts during one season, while very poor shooters For example Dwight Howard, DeAndre Jordan, Wilt Chamberlain, Andre Drummond, Andris Biedrins, Chris Dudley, Ben Wallace, Shaquille O'Neal, and Dennis Rodman) may struggle to make 50% of them. During a foul shot, the player's foot should be completely behind the line of offense. If a player is lined up with part of his legs on the line, a foul is called and the shot is not counted. A trap shot is worth one point.
Maps Free throw
When a free throw is given
There are many situations when free throws can be given.
The first and most common is when a player is being violated while shooting. If a player missed a shot during a foul, the player receives two or three free throws depending on whether the shot is taken in front of or behind the three-point line. If, despite committing a foul, players are still experimenting, the number of free throws is reduced to one, and the number of baskets. This is known as a game of three points or four points, depending on the value of the basket being created.
The second is when the fouling team is in a team bonus situation (or a rotten penalty). This happens when, in one period, the team committed a number of violations either in the action of shooting or not. In FIBA, (W) NBA and NCAA play women, the limit is four offenses per quarter; in the NBA, starting with the fifth (the fourth in extra time) offense, or the second in the last 2 minutes if the team has less than 5 offenses (4 in OT), the opposing team gets two free throws. In the WNBA, the offending player fires two free throws beginning with a fifth (or 4th in extra time) offense, or a second team defeat in the final minutes if the team has committed less than five offenses in one period (4 in extra time). In FIBA ​​and NCAA women's basketball, dirty players also fired two free throws starting with fifth foe opponents in one period, given that the team's offense increased from the fourth period on, as all overtimes were an extension of it for the purpose of team cheating accrued. In the NCAA men's basketball, starting with the seventh offense of the half, one free throw is given; if players make free throws, others are given. This is called "one-on-one" shooting. Beginning with the tenth offense, two free throws are given. In addition, overtime is considered a second half extension for the purpose of accumulating team offenses. Free throws are not awarded for offensive offenses (most often imposes a violation), even if teams are fouled in bonuses. The number of offenses that triggered higher penalties in college male basketball because the game is split into two parts 20 minutes, compared to quarters of 12 minutes in the NBA or 10 minutes in WNBA, women's college basketball, or FIBA ​​â € <â € < play (Note that the student game is played within 20 minutes before 2015-16). As in a professional game, a shoot-out offense is a two or three-shot offense, depending on the value of the shot attempt, with one free throw awarded if the shot is good.
If a player is injured by being fouled and unable to shoot a free throw, the offensive team can appoint any player from the bench to shoot at the injured player's place in college; in the NBA, the opposing team appoints players to shoot, and injured players can not return, unless the offense is a 2-stroke, where the player's own team must also choose a replacement shooter. If a player commits a violation of the offense, and starts or participates in a fight, and is issued, he is not allowed to take his free throw, and the opposing team will choose a replacement shooter. In other situations, the offending player must fire his own foul shot.
If a player, coach, or team staff (eg, doctor, statistician) shows bad sportsmanship, which may include arguing with an umpire, the person may be charged with a more serious offense called a technical offense. In the NBA, the result of a technical infringement in a free throw attempt for another team. In FIBA ​​play, technical violations result in two free throws in all situations. Under the NCAA rules, technical violations are divided into "Class A" (rough or unsportsmanlike behavior) and "Class B" (less severe violations such as hanging on the edge or delaying the game). A technical grade produces two free throws, and Class B technically produces one free throw. At all levels, the opposing team can select players who are currently on the field to fire free throws, and then be given possession after the free throw. Since there is no chance of a rebound, this free throw is shot without a player on the road.
Finally, if a referee considers a very aggressive offense, or that it shows no attempt to play the ball, the referee may call a heavier offense, known as an "unsportsmanlike offense" in international games or "flashy violations" in NBA basketball and NCAA. This offense is charged against the player (and depending on the severity of the offense, even may be incurred), and the opponent gets two free throws and possession of the ball thereafter. Unlike a technical offense, players fouled should shoot the free throw given.
A violation "away from the ball" (a violation that does not occur in the shooter or near the ball) is handled as the second case above in most situations. Time and time again the defenders hold off their opponents to prevent them from catching a bait that is tied or fought through the screen and hence is called for a foul. This offense is almost always treated as a normal personal offense. In the NBA, when there are only two minutes left in the half hour well, off-ball offense when the fouling team exceeds the limit is rewarded with one free throw and possession of the ball. It is therefore unusual for the losing team to deliberately choose their opponent's free throw shooters, regardless of their dominance in other aspects of the game (as in the case of Ben Wallace and Shaquille O'Neal), as a target of intentional abuse. until the two minute mark, after which the losing team plays an intense defense for the rest of the game; this strategy is known as "Hack-a-Shaq". It is believed that this regulation was instituted for Wilt Chamberlain. Previously the team has been allowed to pollute every player in court regardless of whether the player has the ball, with only two free throws given to the player who committed the offense. It motivates the team to chase the poor free throw shooters, such as Chamberlain, around the court in an attempt to bring him down in an attempt to extend the game. To prevent this practice, the NBA changed the rules to give one free throw and possession to the player who fouled the ball in the last two minutes of the fourth quarter. This rule does not apply in an international game or NCAA and actually plays a very vital strategic role in the NCAA Tournament.
Procedures
Free throwing arranged in procession. The shooter takes his place behind the free throw line (5.8 m (19 ft) from the base line, 4.6 m (15 ft) from the basket). All other players must stand in the right place until the ball leaves the shooter's hand: up to four people in the NCAA rules and three people in FIBA ​​rules â € <â € The remaining players must stay behind the three-point line and the "free-throw line is extended" (the imaginary line is extended from the free throw line in both directions to the sidelines). Leaving the specified place before the ball leaves the shooter's hand, or interrupting the ball, is a foul. In addition, the shooter must release the ball within five seconds (ten seconds in the United States) and should not step on or cross the free throw line until the ball touches the circle. Players, however, are allowed to jump when attempting free throws, provided they do not leave the designated area at any point. Violations by the shooter cancel the free throw; offense by a defensive team to produce a replacement free throw if the shooter fails; offense by offensive teams or shots that actually lose ring results in loss of ownership to the defensive team (only if on the last free throw). Under the FIBA ​​rules, if the shooter does not commit a foul, and the ball goes into the basket, the attempt is successful, regardless of the offense committed by the non-shooter.
Free tossed (NBA)
1 Penalty applies for more than four violations in the regulatory period or more than three in overtime period. If a team does not perform its dirty quota with a two minute mark from a period, it will allow one offense before the penalty is applied. Offensive offenses do not count towards this total.
2 A defensive offense committed during the transfer of the ball before the released ball produces two free throws regardless of the penalty situation.
3 In the NBA, a team must have five players on the pitch at any time. If a team falls to five players due to injury and a player with six offenses, and a player commits a sixth offense, he remains in the game and technical violations are charged. Technical penalty penalties from one free throw and ball in effect.
Historical
Before the 1954-55 season, the NBA stipulated the rule that a backcourt offense would result in a "three make two" situation (up to three attempts to make two free throws) if the offending team were above the team's breach limit. In 1979, the rules have been extended to a penalty situation for conspicuous offenses, offenses committed in shooting action (resulting in a miss), and offense by elbow swing. Prior to the 1981-82 season, this rule and related regulations "two to make one" were abolished.
In 1956, in response to reports that Wilt Chamberlain was capable of throwing free throws, the NCAA stipulated a rule requiring free throw shooters to keep both feet behind the free throw line during the effort. The NBA then adopted this rule.
Strategy
As mentioned earlier, some famous players are free throw shooters are bad. Historical examples of poor shooter stars include Wilt Chamberlain, Ben Wallace, and Shaquille O'Neal. This allows a strategy where teams deliberately commit a foul on this player, hoping that they will miss one or both shots and the defending team will regain the ball. This strategy was nicknamed Hack-a-Shaq when it was famously used on Shaquille O'Neal. Dwight Howard, DeAndre Jordan and Andre Drummond are also the target of this strategy, just like any other player.
It can be profitable for the trailing team to deliberately commit a foul at the end of the game. While this allows the main team to shoot free throws and improve their leads, it also stops the clock, similar to time in football (in basketball, the rest time may only be called by a team with possession of the ball). Also, it allows the trailing team an opportunity to take over if the second free throw is missed, and if it makes direct ownership awards to the trailing team. Therefore, many teams replace players with a percentage of high free throws when they lead the final in the game to combat this strategy. This is seen as the last travel strategy with little chance of success, but if not used leading teams can run out of time and end the game.
In addition, a defensive team led by three players can knock off an offensive team that is deliberately late in the game, if the clock is no more than a few seconds. In such circumstances, the opposing team most likely does not have enough time for some ownership. Go down three points, a clear strategy from the opposing team is to try a three-point shot to try to send the game into extra time; However, a leading team may try to foul the trailing team before a shot is attempted, as this will lead to only two free throws that are not enough to tie the game. If the trailing team is placed into a situation of shooting two free throws, they should attempt to deliberately miss the second free throw in hopes of securing offensive offensive (which is harder than usual with free throws, as the team survives automatically given the position) and scoring before the game clock ends - if the first free throw is made, the two-pointer will bind the game, and the three-pointer will win the game; if the first free throw is missed, only three-pointers will bind the game. Theoretically, adopting this strategy keeps the leading team four times more likely to win the game than let the trailing team try three pointers.
Technique
The majority of adult professional players fire free throws in overhand styles, although both theoretical and practical demonstrations that subordinate styles (aka "granny-style") usually produce better average results. Famous, in the NBA, Rick Barry retired in 1980 while ranking first in NBA history at the time with a 0.900 free throw percentage. There are only a few professional players who have used this technique, while most of them refuse to adopt techniques for fear of ridicule or for other similar reasons unrelated to performance.
See also
- 50-40-90 Club, exclusive group of players with one criteria including shooting at least 90% free throw
- List of National Basketball Association associations, free number free printing leaders
- The NCAA I male basketball players list is free to throw the scoring leader
References
- Notes
External links
- Official Basketball Rules, FIBA, 2008
- NBA Rules Number 9: Free Throws
- NBA Rule Number 12: Violation and Punishment
- Free throws as the subject of the Podcast An Awesomely Awesome episode
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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