Baltimore ['b ?? m ?? ) is the largest city in the US state of Maryland, and the 30th most populous city in the United States.
Baltimore was founded by the Constitution of Maryland and is an independent city that is not part of any region. With a population of 611,648 by 2017, Baltimore is the largest independent city in the United States. By 2016, Baltimore's metropolitan area population is estimated to be just under 2.8 million, making it the 21st largest metropolitan area in the country. Baltimore is located about 40 miles (60 km) northeast of Washington, D.C., making it the main city in the combined statistics area of ​​Washington-Baltimore (CSA), the country's fourth-largest CSA with a population of 2016 accounting for 9,665,892.
Founded in 1729, Baltimore is the second largest port in the Mid-Atlantic. Inner Harbor town was once the second major port of entry for immigrants to the United States and major manufacturing centers. After a decline in major manufacturing, industrialization, and rail transport, Baltimore shifted to a service-oriented economy, with Johns Hopkins Hospital (founded 1889) and Johns Hopkins University (founded 1876), now the top two companies in the city.
With hundreds of districts identified, Baltimore has been dubbed the "city of the neighborhood". Notable residents include writers Edgar Allan Poe, Edith Hamilton, Frederick Douglass, and H. L. Mencken; jazz musician James "Eubie" Blake; singer Billie Holiday; actor and filmmaker John Waters; and Babe Ruth's baseball player. In the War of 1812, Francis Scott Key wrote The Star-Spangled Banner, which later became the American anthem, in Baltimore.
Baltimore has more public statues and monuments per capita than any other city in the country, and is home to some of the earliest National Registered Historical District in the country, including Fell's Point, Federal Hill, and Mount Vernon, added to the National Register between 1969-1971. Close to a third of city buildings (over 65,000) set as historic in the National Register, which is more than any other US city.
Video Baltimore
History
The city has 66 National Register Historic Districts and 33 local historic districts. More than 65,000 properties are designated as historic buildings in the National Register of Historic Places list in Baltimore, more than any other US city.
The Baltimore government's historical record is located in the Baltimore City Archives.
Etymology
The city is named after Cecil Calvert, the second Baltimore Lord (1605-1675), of the Irish House of Lords and founder of the Province of Maryland. Baltimore Manor is the name of the estate in County Longford where the Calvert family lives in Ireland. Baltimore is an anglicization of the Irish name Baile an TÃÆ' MhÃÆ'³ir , which means "the city of the big house."
Before the European settlement
The Baltimore area has been inhabited by Native Americans for at least 10 millennia BC, when the Paleo-Indians first settled in the area. One Paleo-Indian site and several Archaic periods and archaeological sites of the Woodland period have been identified in Baltimore, including four of the Woodland End period. During the Late Woodland period, an archaeological culture called the "Potomac Creek Complex" lived in the area from Baltimore to the Rappahannock River in Virginia.
In the early 1600s, the very fast-paced Baltimore area was populated, if at all, by Native Americans. The northern Baltimore County area is used as a hunting ground by Susquehannock who lives in the valley of the Susquehanna River below which "controls all tributaries over the Chesapeake" but "refrains from many contacts with Powhatan in the Potomac region." Pressed by Susquehannock, the Piscataway Algonquians remained to the south of the Baltimore area and inhabited mainly the northern edge of the Potomac River in what is now Charles County and south of Prince George County south of Fall Road.
Colonial Period
Colonization of Maryland Europe begins with the arrival of British ships in St. Louis. Clement's Island on the Potomac River. Europeans began to settle in the farther north, beginning to fill the Baltimore County area, with its original seat, now known as "Old Baltimore", located on the Bush River within the current Aberdeen Proving Ground. The colonists engaged in sporadic warfare with the indigenous population of Susquhanna, whose numbers were reduced from victims and smallpox. In 1661 David Jones claimed the area known today as Jonestown on the eastern bank of the Jones Falls River.
The Maryland General Assembly created the Baltimore Harbor at Whetstone Point (now Locust Point) in 1706 for the tobacco trade. The city of Baltimore, on the west side of Jones Falls, was erected and laid out on July 30, 1729; with Jonestown and Fells Point already in the east. The three settlements, which cover 60 hectares, became commercial centers and in 1768 became the center of the city.
Baltimore grew rapidly in the 18th century as a barn for sugar-producing colonies in the Caribbean. The benefits of sugar encourage sugarcane planting and food imports. Baltimore established its public market system in 1763. The Lexington Market, founded in 1782, continues to be known as one of the oldest public markets that continues to operate in the United States today. Lexington Market is also known as a slave trade area, which takes place all over the downtown area and is advertised on Baltimore Sun. Baltimore has the first Post Office System in the United States (inaugurated in 1774) and the first water company hired in the United States (Baltimore Water Company, 1792).
Baltimore plays an important part in the events leading up to and including the American Revolution. City leaders like Jonathan Plowman Jr. moving the city to join the resistance against British taxes, and traders signed an agreement not to trade with the UK. The Second Continental Congress met at Henry Fite House from December 1776 to February 1777, effectively making the capital city of the United States during this period.
Prewar period
The cities of Baltimore, Jonestown, and Fells Point were incorporated as the City of Baltimore in 1796-1797. The city remained a part of about Baltimore County and continued to function as a county seat from 1768-1851, after which it became an independent town.
The Baltimore battle against England in 1814 inspired the composition of the United States national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner," and the construction of the Battle Monument which became the city's official emblem. Typical local culture begins to form, and the unique sky is filled with churches and monuments developed. Baltimore received the moniker "The Monumental City" after an 1827 visit to Baltimore by President John Quincy Adams. At an evening show, Adams toasted, "Baltimore: Monumental City - May his days of salvation prosper and be happy, because his dangerous days have tried and won."
Baltimore pioneered the use of gas lighting in 1816 and its population grew rapidly in the following decades, with simultaneous development of culture and infrastructure. The construction of the federally-funded National Road (which later became part of the US Route 40) and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B. & amp; O.) personel made Baltimore a major manufacturing and delivery center by connecting cities with key markets in the Midwest. By 1820, the population had reached 60,000, and the economy had shifted from its base in tobacco plantations to sawmills, shipbuilding and textile production. These industries benefited from the war but managed to shift to infrastructure development during peacetime.
Baltimore suffered one of the worst unrest in the South before the war in 1835, when bad investment led to Baltimore bank unrest. Soon after the city created the world's first dental college, Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, in 1840, and shared in the world's first telegraph line, between Baltimore and Washington DC in 1844.
Civil war and after
Maryland, a slave state with abundant popular support for secession in some areas, remained part of the Society during the American Civil War, in part because of the Union's strategic colonialism in the city in 1861. Baltimore saw its first war victim on April 19, 1861, when the Union Soldiers on the way from President Street Station to Camden Yards clashed with a separatist mob on Pratt Street Riot.
In the middle of the Long Depression followed by Panic of 1873, Baltimore & amp; Ohio railway companies are trying to lower the wages of workers, leading to strikes and unrest in the city and beyond. The attackers clashed with the National Guard, leaving 10 dead and 25 injured.
the 20th century to 1968
On February 7, 1904, the Great Baltimore Fire destroyed more than 1,500 buildings in 30 hours, leaving more than 70 blocks from the burning downtown area. The damage is estimated at $ 150 million - at 1904 dollars. When the city is rebuilt over the next two years, lessons learned from fire lead to improvements in standard fire-fighting equipment.
The city grew in an area by annexing new suburbs from surrounding districts until 1918, when the city acquired parts of County Baltimore and Anne Arundel County. The constitutional amendment of the state, approved in 1948, requires a special vote of citizens in each proposed annexation area, effectively preventing future expansion of the city's borders. Streetcars enables the development of far-flung environments such as Edmonson Village whose inhabitants can easily commute to the city center.
Driven by deep South migration and by white suburbanization, the relative size of black city dwellers grew from 23.8% in 1950 to 46.4% in 1970. Driven by real estate blockbusting techniques, recently completed white areas became an all-black neighborhood, in an almost total quick process in 1970.
1968 and after
The Baltimore riots of 1968 coincided with unrest in other cities, following the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. on April 4, 1968. The general order was not restored until 12 April 1968. The Baltimore riots caused the city to be estimated at $ 10 million (US $ 70 million in 2018). A total of 11,000 Maryland National Guards and federal troops were ordered into town. The last effect of the riots can be seen on the streets of North Avenue, Howard Street, Gay Street, and Pennsylvania Avenue, where long streets remain barren. The city experienced another challenge in 1974 when teachers, city workers, and police went on strike.
Following the death of Freddie Gray in April 2015, the city experienced massive protests and international media attention, as well as clashes between local youth and police causing emergency declaration and curfew.
Baltimore has suffered from high murder rates for decades, culminating in 1993, and again by 2015. This death has taken particularly severe victims to local black communities.
Development and promotion
In the early 1970s, the downtown area of ​​Baltimore known as the Inner Harbor had been neglected and occupied by warehouse collections abandoned. The nickname "Charm City" comes from a meeting of advertisers in 1975 that seeks to improve the city's reputation. Efforts to re-establish the area began with the construction of the Maryland Science Center, which opened in 1976, the Baltimore World Trade Center (1977), and the Baltimore Convention Center (1979). Harborplace, a retail complex and an urban restaurant, was opened on the waterfront in 1980, followed by the National Aquarium, Maryland's largest tourist destination, and the Baltimore Museum of Industry in 1981. During the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States, Baltimore City Department of Health Official Robert Mehl persuaded the mayor to form a committee to address food issues; The Baltimore-based charity Moveable celebrations grew out of this initiative in 1990. In 2010, the organization's service area has grown from just Baltimore to cover all of Maryland's Eastern Coast. In 1992, the Baltimore Orioles baseball team moved from Memorial Stadium to Oriole Park in Camden Yards, located in the city center near the harbor. Pope John Paul II held an open mass at Camden Yards during his papal visit to the United States in October 1995. Three years later the Baltimore Ravens football team moved to the Bank M & T next to Camden Yards.
Baltimore has seen the reopening of the Hippodrome Theater in 2004, the unveiling of Reginald F. Lewis Museum Maryland of African American History & Culture in 2005, and the establishment of the National Slavic Museum in 2012. On April 12, 2012, Johns Hopkins held a dedication ceremony to mark the completion of one of the largest medical complexes of the United States - Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore - featuring Sheikh Zayed Cardiovascular and Critical Care Tower and The Charlotte R. Bloomberg Children's Center. The event, held at the entrance to a 1.6 million square foot facility, worth $ 1.1 billion, honors many donors including Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, first president of the United Arab Emirates, and Michael Bloomberg.
On September 19, 2016, the Baltimore City Council approved a $ 660 million bond deal for the $ 5.5 billion Port Covington redevelopment project fought by Under Armor founder Kevin Plank and its real estate company, Sagamore Development. Port Covington surpassed the development of Harbor Point as the largest tax-raising deal in Baltimore's history and among the largest urban rebuilding projects in the country. The seaside development that includes new headquarters for Under Armor, as well as stores, housing, offices, and production rooms is projected to create 26,500 permanent jobs with an annual economic impact of $ 4.3 billion. Goldman Sachs invested $ 233 million into the rebuilding project.
Maps Baltimore
Geography
Baltimore is in north-central Maryland on the nearby Patapsco River to where it empties into the Chesapeake Bay. The city is also located on the line between the Piedmont Plateau and the Atlantic Coastal Plain, which divides Baltimore into "the lower cities" and "upper cities". The height of the city ranges from sea level in the harbor to 480 feet (150 m) in the northwest corner near Pimlico.
According to the Census 2010, the city has a total area of ​​92.1 square miles (239 km 2 ), where 80.9 sq. Sq. (210 km 2 ) is ground and 11, 1 sq., Mi (29Ã, km 2 ) is water. The total area is 12.1 percent water.
Baltimore is almost completely surrounded by Baltimore County, but politically independent of it. It borders Anne Arundel County to the south.
Cityscape
Architecture
Baltimore exhibits examples from every architectural period for more than two centuries, and works from many famous architects such as Benjamin Latrobe, George A. Frederick, Pope John Russell, Mies van der Rohe and I. M. Pei.
The city is rich in important building architecture in various styles. The Baltimore Basilica (1806-1821) is a neoclassical design by Benjamin Latrobe, as well as the oldest Catholic cathedral in the United States. In 1813 Robert Cary Long, Sr., built for Rembrandt Peale the first substantial structure in the United States designed specifically as a museum. Restored, now a Baltimore City Museum, or popular Peale Museum.
The McKim Free School was founded and awarded by John McKim, although it was founded by his son Isaac in 1822 after a design by William Howard and William Small. It reflects popular interest in Greece as it secures its independence, as well as scientific interest in the recently published pictures of the Athena antiquities.
The Phoenix Shot Tower (1828), at 234.25 feet (71.40 m), is the tallest building in the United States until the Civil War, and is one of the few remaining structures of its kind. It was built without the use of exterior scaffolding. The Sun Iron Building, designed by R.C. Hatfield in 1851, was the first iron front building in the city and was a model for the entire city center building. The Brown Memorial Presbyterian Church, built in 1870 to commemorate the financier George Brown, has stained glass windows by Louis Comfort Tiffany and has been called "one of the city's most important buildings, art and architectural treasures" by Baltimore Magazine .
The 1845 Greek Revival-style Lloyd Street Synagogue is one of the oldest synagogues in the United States. The Johns Hopkins Hospital, designed by Lieutenant Colonel John S. Billings in 1876, is a remarkable achievement for today in functional and fire resistant settings.
I.M. World Trade Pei (1977) is the world's tallest equilateral pentagonal building with a height of 405 feet (123 m).
The Inner Harbor East area has seen the addition of two new towers that have completed construction: the 24-storey tower which is the new headquarters of Legg Mason in the world, and the Four Seasons Hotel complex on the 21st floor.
The streets of Baltimore are arranged in a grid pattern, lined with tens of thousands of brick and formalin bridges. In The Baltimore Rowhouse , Mary Ellen Hayward and Charles Belfoure regard the shelter as a form of architecture that defines Baltimore as "probably no other American city." In the mid-1790s, developers began to build an entire neighborhood of British-style huts, which became the dominant house type in the city in the early 19th century.
Formstone Formation, now a common feature in the Baltimore Rowhouses, is a patented addition in 1937 by Albert Knight. John Waters was marked with formstone as a "polyester of brick" in a 30-minute documentary, Little Castles: A Formstone Phenomenon.
Oriole Park on Camden Yards is considered by many to be the most beautiful baseball park in Major League Baseball, and has inspired many other cities to build their own versions of this rustic-style retro style. Camden Yards along with the National Aquarium have helped turn the Inner Harbor from an industrial estate filled with dilapidated warehouses into a bustling commercial district full of bars, restaurants and retail establishments. Now, Inner Harbor offers the most desired high-end real estate in Mid-Atlantic.
After international competition, Baltimore University Law School awarded the German company Behnisch Architekten for its design, selected for the new home school. Following the opening of the building in 2013, this design won additional awards including the "Best of the Best" National ENR Award.
The newly rehabilitated Baltimore Everyman's Theater is honored by the Baltimore Heritage at 2013 Preservation Awards Celebration in 2013. Everyman Theater will receive Adaptive Reuse and Compatible Design Award as part of Baltimore Heritage's historic preservation award ceremony in 2013. Baltimore Heritage is a historic and non-profit Baltimore, which works to preserve and promote Baltimore's historic buildings and neighborhoods.
Tallest building
Nearby Areas
Baltimore is officially divided into nine geographical regions: North, Northeast, East, Southeast, South, Southwest, West, Northwest, and Central, with each district patrolled by the Baltimore Police Department respectively. Interstate 83 and Charles Street descend to Hanover Street and Ritchie Highway serves as the east-west divider line and the Eastern Avenue to Route 40 as the north-south dividing line. However, Baltimore Street is the north-south dividing line for the US Postal Service. Not infrequently local residents divide the city by East or West Baltimore, using Charles Street or I-83 as a dividing line or to the North and South using Baltimore Street as a dividing line.
Baltimore Center
The Baltimore Center, originally called the Central District, runs north of the Inner Harbor to the edge of Druid Hill Park. Downtown Baltimore has served as a commercial district with limited occupancy opportunities. However, between 2000 and 2010, the population of the city center grew 130 percent because the old commercial property has been replaced by residential properties. Still the main commercial area of ​​the city and business district, it includes the Baltimore sports complex: Oriole Park in Camden Yards, M & T Stadium Bank, and Baltimore Arena; as well as the shops and tourist attractions of Inner Harbor: Harborplace, Baltimore Convention Center, National Aquarium, Maryland Science Center, Pier Six Pavilion, and Power Plant Live.
The University of Maryland, Baltimore, the University of Maryland Medical Center, and Lexington Market are also in the central district, as well as the Hippodrome and many nightclubs, bars, restaurants, shopping centers and other attractions. The northern half of Baltimore, between the city center and Druid Hill Park, is home to many of the city's cultural opportunities. Maryland Institute College of Art, Peabody Institute, George Peabody Library, Enoch Pratt Free Library - Center Library, Lyric Opera House, Joseph Meyerhoff Symphony Hall, Walters Art Museum, Maryland Historical Society and Enoch Pratt Mansion some galleries are located in this region.
Northern Baltimore
North Baltimore is located just north of Central Baltimore and is bordered on the east by Alameda and on the west by Pimlico Road. Loyola University Maryland, Johns Hopkins University Homewood Campus, St. George's Seminary and University. Mary, and Notre Dame of the University of Maryland are located in this district. The Baltimore Polytechnic Institute's high school for mathematics, science, and engineering, and the adjacent Western High School, the oldest public high school in America, share campuses on West Cold Spring Lane and Falls Road.
Some of the historic and important neighborhoods are in this district: Roland Park (1891), Guilford (1913), Homeland (1924), Hampden, Woodberry, Old Goucher, and Jones Falls. Along the York Road corridor to the north is the great neighborhood of Charles Village, Waverly, and Mount Washington. Northern District Arts and Entertainment District is also located in Northern Baltimore.
Southern Baltimore
South Baltimore, a mixed industrial and residential area, consists of the "Old South Baltimore" peninsula under the Inner Harbor and on the east of the old B & O Railroad's Camden and Russell Street downtown. This is a culturally, ethnically and socioeconomically diverse coastal area with environments such as Locust Point and Riverside around a large park of the same name. Right south of the Inner Harbor, the historic neighborhood of Federal Hill, there are many professionals, pubs and restaurants working. At the tip of the historic peninsula of Fort McHenry, National Park since the end of World War I, when the old US Army Hospital in about 1798 the star-shaped fort was torn down.
The southern area of ​​the Vietnam Veterans' Bridge (Hanover Street) and the Patapsco River were annexed to the city in 1919 from the independent towns of Anne Arundel County. Across the Hanover Street Bridge is a residential area like Cherry Hill, Brooklyn, and Curtis Bay, with Fort Armistead bordering the south side of the city from Anne Arundel County.
Northeast Baltimore
The Northeast, especially the residential neighborhood, home to Morgan State University, is bordered by the 1919 city line on its northern and eastern borders, Sinclair Lane, Erdman Avenue, and Pulaski Highway to the south and Alameda to the west. Also in this city's slice on 33rd Street is the Baltimore City College high school, the oldest active third-tall school in the United States, set in downtown in 1839. Across from Loch Raven Boulevard is a former site of the old Memorial Stadium for Baltimore Colts and the Baltimore Orioles , now replaced by the athletic and residential complexes of YMCA. Lake Montebello is in Northeast Baltimore.
East Baltimore
Located under Sinclair Lane and Erdman Avenue, above Orleans Street, East Baltimore is largely made up of residential neighborhoods. This East Baltimore section is home to Johns Hopkins Hospital and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine on Broadway. Leading neighborhoods include: Armistead Gardens, Broadway East, Barclay, Ellwood Park, Greenmount, and McElderry Park.
This area is the location of the movie in place for Murder: Life on the Road , The Corner and The Wire .
Southeast Baltimore
Southeast Baltimore, located under Fayette Street, borders the Inner Harbor and the Northwest Branch of the Patapsco River to the west, the 1919 line of the city on its eastern border and the Patapsco River to the south, is a mixed industrial and residential area. Patterson Park, "The Best Backyard in Baltimore," as well as the Highlandtown Arts District, and Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center are located in Southeast Baltimore. Shops at Canton Crossing open in 2013. The Canton neighborhood, located along Baltimore's main edge. Other historic neighborhoods include: Fells Point, Patterson Park, Butchers Hill, Highlandtown, Greektown, Harbor East, Little Italy, and Upper Fells Point.
Baltimore Northwest
Northwestern is bordered by county lines to the north and west, Gwynns Falls Parkway to the south and Pimlico Road to the east, is home to the Pimlico Race Course, Sinai Hospital, and NAACP headquarters. The neighborhood is largely residential and dissected by the Northern Parkway. This area has been the center of the Baltimore Jewish community since after World War II. Notable neighborhoods include: Pimlico, Mount Washington, and Cheswolde, and Park Heights.
West Baltimore
West Baltimore is west of downtown and Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard, and is bordered by Gwynns Falls Parkway, Fremont Avenue, and West Baltimore Street. The Old West Baltimore Historic District includes Harlem Park, Sandtown-Winchester, Druid Heights, Madison Park, and Upton. Originally a German-dominated environment, in the last half of the 1800s, Old West Baltimore was home to an important part of the city's African American population. It became the largest neighborhood for the city's black community and its cultural, political and economic center. Coppin State University, Mondawmin Mall, and Edmondson Village are located in this district. The crime issues in the area have provided lessons for the television series, such as The Wire . Local organizations, such as the Sandtown Habitat for Humanity and Upton Planning Committee, have steadily transformed parts of the area previously devastated by West Baltimore into a clean and secure community.
Southwest Columbia
Southwest Baltimore is bound by the Baltimore County line to the west, West Baltimore Street to the north, and Martin Luther King Jr.. Boulevard and Russell Street/Baltimore-Washington Parkway (Maryland Route 295) to the east. The foremost neighborhoods in Southwest Baltimore include: Pigtown, Carrolton Ridge, Ridgely's Delight, Leakin Park, Violetville, Lakeland, and Morrell Park.
St. Hospital Agnes on Wilkens and Caton Street is located in this district with the Gibbons Cardinal College, which is the former site of the Babe Ruth alma mater, St. Mary. Also through this Baltimore segment embarked on the start of the historic National Road, which began in 1806 along Old Frederick Road and continues into the county on Frederick Road to Ellicott City, Maryland. Other sides in the district are: Carroll Park, one of the city's largest parks, the colonial Mount Clare Mansion, and Washington Boulevard, built during the pre-War Revolution as the main route from the city to Alexandria, Virginia, and Georgetown. on the Potomac River.
Nearby communities
The city of Baltimore shares borders with the following communities, all unrelated census places.
Climate
Under the KÃÆ'¶ppen classification, Baltimore is located in the humid subtropical climate zone ( Cfa ), with four distinct seasons, and is part of the USDA 7b and 8a resistance zones. 8a found in Inner Harbor. Winter is cold but varied, with sporadic snowfall: January has a daily average of 35.8 Â ° F (2.1 Â ° C), although temperatures reach 50 Â ° F (10 Â ° C) more often and dropped at below 20 Â ° F (-7 Â ° C) when the Arctic air mass affects the area.
The average seasonal snowfall is 20.1 inches (51 cm), but varies greatly depending on winter, with some seasons seeing minimal snow while others see some great Nor'easters. Due to the reduced urban heat island (UHI) compared to the exact city and distance from the moderate Chesapeake Bay, the remote and inland parts of the Baltimore metro area are usually colder, especially at night, than the proper towns and coastal towns. Thus, in the northern and western rim, winter snowfall is more significant, and some areas average more than 30 in (76 cm) of snow per winter. This is by no means unusual for snowfall paths to be established in the metro area. Frozen rain and hail occur several times each winter in the area, as warm air affects cold air at low to medium levels. When the wind blows from the east, cold air slams into the mountains to the west and the result is frost or hail.
Spring and fall are warm, with spring being the wettest season in terms of number of rainy days. Summer is hot and humid with daily averages in July of 80.7 ° F (27.1 ° C), and the combination of heat and humidity causes a rather frequent storm. The southeast coast of the Chesapeake often occurs on a summer afternoon when the hot air rises above the land; the prevailing wind from the southwest interacting with this wind as well as the proper city UHI can seriously aggravate air quality. In late summer and early fall, their storm or trickle passages can cause flooding in downtown Baltimore, although the city is far from typical coastal storm surges.
The extreme temperatures ranged from -7 ° F (-22 ° C) on February 9, 1934, and February 10, 1899, to 108 ° F (42 ° C) on July 22, 2011. On average, 100 ° Â ° F (38 Â ° C) temperatures occur at 0.9 days per year, 90 Â ° F (32 Â ° C) at 37 days, and there are 10 days where the high fails to reach the frost mark.
Demographics
Population
According to the 2010 Census, there were 620,961 people living in Baltimore City at 242,268 households. The population declined by 4.6% since the 2000 census. Among school-aged children between 5-17 years, there was a 23% decrease. Baltimore's population has declined in every census since its peak in 1950.
In 2011, then Mayor Stephanie Rawlings-Blake said that her main goal was to increase the city's population by improving municipal services to reduce the number of people leaving the city and by passing laws protecting immigrant rights to stimulate growth. For the first time in decades, in July 2012, the US Census Bureau's census estimate showed a growing population of 1,100 inhabitants, up 0.2% from a year earlier.
Gentrification has also increased since the 2000 census, especially in East Baltimore, downtown, and Central Baltimore. Downtown Baltimore and its surrounding neighborhoods see the rise of young professionals and immigrants, reflecting major cities across the country.
After New York City, Baltimore is the second city in the United States to reach 100,000 inhabitants. From 1830 to 1850 the US census, Baltimore was the second most populous city, before it was surpassed by Philadelphia in 1860. It is one of the top 10 cities in the US population in every census to the 1980 census, and after World War II has an almost population one million.
Characteristics
According to the Census 2010, Baltimore's population is 63.7% Black, 29.6% White, 2.3% Asian, and 0.4%, American Indians and Alaskan Native. In various races, 4.2% of the population comes from Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish. Women comprise 53.4% ​​of the population. The median age was 35 years, with 22.4% under 18 years, 65.8% from 18 to 64 years, and 11.8% 65 or older.
In 2005, approximately 30,778 people (6.5%) were identified as gay, lesbian, or bisexual. In 2012, same-sex marriage in Maryland was passed, taking effect January 1, 2013.
Earnings and housing
In 2009, the average household income was $ 42,241 and the average per capita income was $ 25,707, compared to the national average income of $ 53,889 per household and $ 28,930 per capita. In Baltimore, 23.7% of the population lives below the poverty line, compared to 13.5% across the country.
Housing in Baltimore is relatively inexpensive for large coastal cities of the same size. The average selling price for homes in Baltimore in 2012 is $ 95,000. Although the house collapsed, and along with the national trend, Baltimore residents still face a slow increase in rent (up 3% in summer 2010).
Homeless population in Baltimore continues to increase; it exceeded 4,000 people in 2011. The increase in the number of young homeless people is very severe.
Religion
Fewer than half (47%) of people in Baltimore reported affiliation with religion. Catholicism is the largest religious affiliation, made up of 12% percent of the population, followed by the Baptist Church (7%), then Judaism (4.3%). About 11.4% identify with other Christian denominations.
Language
In 2010, 91% (526,705) Baltimore residents aged five years and older spoke only English at home. Close to 4% (21,661) speak Spanish. Other languages, such as African, French, and Chinese are spoken by less than 1% of the population.
Crime
Crime in Baltimore, generally concentrated in areas high in poverty, has been above the national average for years. Overall reported crime has declined 60% from the mid-1990s to mid-2010, but the murder rate remains high and exceeds the national average. The worst years for crime in Baltimore were from 1993-1996; 1995, with 96,243 crimes reported in 1995 (compared with 38,321 in 2014, despite a population decline of 100,000). 344 cases of Baltimore assassination in 2015 represent the highest murder rate in recorded city history - 52.5 per 100,000 people, surpassing the record recorded in 1993 - and the second highest for US cities behind St. Louis. Louis and in front of Detroit. To put it in perspective, New York City, a city with a population of 2015 from 8,491,079 recorded a total of 339 murders by 2015. Baltimore is a city with a population of 2015 of 621,849; which means that by 2015 Baltimore has a murder rate 14 times higher than New York City. Of 344 murder cases in Baltimore in 2015, 321 (93.3%) of the victims were African-American. Chicago, which saw 762 murders by 2016 as compared to Baltimore 318, still has a half-murder rate (27.2) of Baltimore because Chicago has a population four times larger than Baltimore. Drug use and death by drug use (especially drugs used intravenously, such as heroin) are related problems that have paralyzed Baltimore for decades. Among cities greater than 400,000, Baltimore ranks second in the level of opiate drug deaths in the United States behind Dayton, Ohio. The DEA reports that a staggering 10% of Baltimore residents - about 64,000 people - are addicted to heroin.
In 2011, Baltimore police reported 196 murders, the lowest number in the city since 197 murders in 1978 and much lower than the number of murders of 353 killings in 1993. The city leaders at that time credited a continuing focus on repeated perpetrators of violence. and increased public involvement for sustained reductions, reflecting a reduction in national crime.
On August 8, 2014, a new Baltimore youth home ban law came into effect. This prohibits unaccompanied children under the age of 14 from being on the streets after 9 pm. and those aged 14-16 out after 10 pm during the week and 11 at weekends and during the summer. The goal is to keep children out of dangerous places and reduce crime.
The crime in Baltimore reached another peak in 2015 when the year count of 344 murders came second after a record of 353 in 1993, when Baltimore had about 100,000 more inhabitants. The killing in 2015 runs in recent years in the early months of 2015 but soared after riots and unrest in late April. In five of the next eight months, the killings reached 30 or 40 per month. Nearly 90 percent of the killings of 2015 are the result of shootings, renewing calls for new weapons laws. By 2016, according to the annual crime statistics released by the Baltimore Police Department, there are 318 murders in the city. This amount marks a 7.56 percent drop in homicide cases from 2015. On September 8, 2017, Baltimore Sun reported that Baltimore's annual manslaughter count was on track to surpass New York City for the first time on record..
In an interview on The Guardian, on November 2, 2017, David Simon, himself a former police reporter for The Baltimore Sun, considers the most recent spike in murder to a high-profile decision by Baltimore state lawyer Marilyn Mosby to assign six city police officers after the death of Freddie Gray after he suffered a coma while in police custody in April 2015. "What Mosby basically did was send a message to the Baltimore police department: 'I will include you to prison for making a bad arrest. ' So the officers found out: 'I can go to jail for making a wrong arrest, so I do not get out of my car to clean up the bend,' and that's what happened post-Freddie Gray. "In Baltimore, the number of arrests has dropped dramatically from over 40,000 in 2014, the year before Freddie Gray's death and subsequent allegations against officers, to about 18,000 by 2017 (primo November). This is the case even when the killings increased from 211 in 2014 to 344 in 2015 - an increase of 63%.
Economy
Once an industrial city, with an economic base that focuses on steel, shipping, automobile (General Motors Baltimore Assembly) and transportation, the city is de-industrializing that spends tens of thousands of workers on low wages, high-paying jobs. The city now relies on a low-wage service economy, which accounts for 31% of municipal jobs. Around the turn of the century, Baltimore is a leading producer of grain whiskey and straw hats in the United States. It also leads in crude oil refining, brought to town by pipeline from Pennsylvania.
In March 2015 the US Bureau of Labor Statistics calculated Baltimore's unemployment rate of 8.1% while a quarter of Baltimore's population (and 37% of Baltimore's children) live in poverty. The closure of 2012 from the large steel mills at Sparrows Point is expected to have a further impact on jobs and the local economy. The Census Bureau reported in 2013 that 207,000 returns to Baltimore every day. Downtown Baltimore is a key economic asset in the City of Baltimore and a region with 29.1 million square feet of office space. The technology sector is growing rapidly when the Baltimore metro is ranked 8th in the CBRE Tech Talent Report among the 50 US metro areas for high growth rates and a number of technology professionals. Forbes put Baltimore among the fourth "new technology center" of America.
The city is home to Johns Hopkins Hospital. Other major companies in Baltimore include Under Armor, BRT Laboratories, Cordish Company, Legg Mason, McCormick & amp; Company, T. Rowe Price, and Royal Farms. The sugar refinery owned by American Sugar Refining is one of Baltimore's cultural icons. Baltimore-based nonprofits include Lutheran Services in America and Catholic Relief Services.
Nearly a quarter of Baltimore's jobs are in science, technology, engineering and mathematics by mid-2013, in part due to the city's extensive undergraduate and postgraduate schools; maintenance and repair experts are included in this count.
Port
The International Trade Center for the region is the World Trade Center Baltimore. It houses the Maryland Harbor Administration and US headquarters for major shipping lines. Baltimore is ranked 9th for the total value of cargo dollars and 13 for cargo tonnage for all US ports. In 2014, total cargoes traveling through the port reached 29.5 million tons, down from 30.3 million tons in 2013. Cargo value shipped through ports in 2014 totaled $ 52.5 billion, down from $ 52.6 billion in 2013. The Baltimore Harbor generates $ 3 billion in annual salaries and salaries, as well as supporting 14,630 direct jobs and 108,000 jobs connected to port work. In 2014, the port also generates more than $ 300 million in taxes. The airline serves more than 50 ocean carriers carrying nearly 1,800 annual visits. Among all US ports, Baltimore is the first in handling cars, light trucks, agricultural machinery and construction; and importing forest, aluminum and sugar products. The port is the second in coal exports. The Port of Baltimore shipping industry, which offers year-round journeys across multiple lines supporting over 500 jobs and bringing over $ 90 million to the Maryland economy each year. Growth in the port continues with the Maryland Harbor Administration plans to convert the former south end of a steel mill into a marine terminal, primarily for car and truck shipments, but also to anticipate new business coming to Baltimore following the completion of the Panama Canal expansion project.
Tourism
The history and attractions of Baltimore have enabled this city to be a strong tourist destination on the East Coast. In 2014, the city houses 24.5 million visitors, who spend $ 5.2 billion. The Baltimore Visitor Center, operated by Visit Baltimore, is located on Light Street in Inner Harbor. Many of the city's tourism centers around the Inner Harbor, with the National Aquarium being Maryland's premier tourist destination. The Baltimore Harbor recovery has made it a "boat town", with several historic ships and other attractions on display and opened to the public to visit. USS Constellation , the last floating Civil War ship, anchored at the head of the Inner Harbor; USS Torsk , a submarine that holds Navy records for diving (more than 10,000); and the Coast Guard cutter Taney , the last surviving US warship in Pearl Harbor during the Japanese attack on December 7, 1941, and involving Japanese Zero aircraft during the battle.
Also anchored is the Chesapeake flash, which for decades marked the entrance to the Chesapeake Bay; and Seven Foot Knoll Lighthouse, the oldest shovel shrub to survive in Chesapeake Bay, once marking the mouth of the Patapsco River and the entrance to Baltimore. All these attractions are owned and maintained by the Historic Ship at the Baltimore organization. The Inner Harbor is also the home port of Pride of Baltimore II, the country of the "goodwill ambassador" of Maryland, a renowned ship reconstruction of the Baltimore Clipper.
Other popular destinations throughout the city include Oriole Park at Camden Yards, Fort McHenry, Mount Vernon and Fells Point, and museums such as Walters Art Museum, the Baltimore Museum of Industry, and B & O Railroad Museum.
Baltimore, and more specifically, the Baltimore Convention Center is home to BronyCon, the world's largest convention for My Little Pony fans: Friendship is Magic. The Convention has more than 6,300 participants by 2017, and 10,011 attendees during its peak in 2015.
Culture
Historically a working-class harbor city, Baltimore is sometimes dubbed the "neighborhood city", with 72 historic districts traditionally occupied by different ethnic groups. The most famous today are the three downtown areas along the harbor: Inner Harbor, frequented by tourists because of hotels, shops, and museums; Fells Point, formerly a favorite entertainment venue for seafarers, but is now updated and enlivened (and featured in the movie Sleepless in Seattle); and Little Italy, located between two others, where the Italian-American community in Baltimore is based - and where former House Speaker Nancy Pelosi grew up. Farther inland, Mount Vernon is a traditional center of urban art and culture life; it is home to a typical Washington Monument, located on a hill in the square of the 19th century town, which preceded the more famous monument in Washington, D.C. by several decades. Baltimore also has a significant German American population, and is the second largest immigration port to the United States, behind Ellis Island in New York and New Jersey. Between 1820 and 1989, nearly 2 million German, Polish, British, Irish, Russian, Lithuanian, French, Ukrainian, Czech, Greek and Italian came to Baltimore, mostly between 1861 and 1930. In 1913, an average of forty thousand immigrants a year, World War I closed the flow of immigrants. In 1970, Baltimore's heyday as an immigration center was a distant memory. Also there are Chinatowns dating from at least the 1880s consisting of no more than 400 Chinese citizens. A local Chinese-American association remained based there, but only one Chinese restaurant in 2009.
Baltimore has a considerable history when making beer, the art that flourished in Baltimore from the 1800s to the 1950s with more than 100 old factories in the city's past. The best examples left of that history are the old American Brewing House on North Gay Street and the National Brewing Company building in Brewer's Hill neighborhood. In 1940, the National Brewing Company introduced the first six packages of the country. The two most famous brands in the National, are the National Bohemian Beer colloquial "Natty Boh" and Colt 45. Listed on the Pabst website as "Fun Fact", Colt 45 is named after returning # 45 Jerry Hill from 1963 Baltimore Colts instead.45 caliber round round ammunition gun. Both brands are still made today, though outside of Maryland, and are presented throughout the Baltimore area in the bar, as well as Orioles and Ravens games. The Natty Boh logo appears in all cans, bottles, and packages; and merchandise displaying it can still be easily found in stores in Maryland, including some at Fells Point.
Every year Artscape takes place in a city in the Bolton Hill neighborhood, due to its proximity to the Maryland Institute College of Art. Style artscape itself as "the largest free art festival in America". Every May, the Maryland Film Festival takes place in Baltimore, using the five historic Charles Theater screens as its permanent place. Many movies and television shows have been filmed in Baltimore. The Wire was installed and filmed in Baltimore. House of Cards and Veep are set in Washington, D.C. but it was filmed in Baltimore.
Baltimore has a cultural museum in many fields of study. The Baltimore Museum of Art, and the Walters Art Museum are internationally renowned for its art collection. The Baltimore Art Museum has the largest collection of Henri Matisse works in the world. The National Great Blacks at the Wax Museum is the first African American wax museum in the country, featuring over 150 life-size and life-size wax statues.
Cuisine
Baltimore is known for Maryland blue crabs, crab cakes, Old Bay Seasoning, pit beef, and "chicken boxes". The town has many restaurants in or around the Inner Harbor. The best known and recognized are Charleston, Woodberry Kitchen, and Charm City Cakes pastries featured on the Ace of Cakes from the Food Network. The biggest attraction of the Little Italy neighborhood is the food. Fells Point is also a food-loving neighborhood for tourists and locals and is the oldest continuous storefront in the country, "The Horse You Come On The Saloon," is located. Many of the city's upscale restaurants can be found at Harbor East. Five public markets are located across the city. The Baltimore Public Market System is the oldest public market system that operates continuously in the United States. Lexington Market is one of the longest markets in the world and runs the longest in the country, it has been around since 1782. The market continues to stand on its original site. Baltimore is the last place in America where people can still find Arabs, sellers who sell fresh fruits and vegetables from horse-drawn carts that go up and down the neighborhood streets. Zagat's food and beverage rating sites put Baltimore second in the list of 17 of the country's best food destinations by 2015.
Local dialect
The city of Baltimore, along with the surrounding area, is home to a unique local dialect. It is part of Mid-Atlantic American English and is noted very similar to the Philadelphia accent, albeit with more southern influences.
The accent "Bawlmerese" is known for the pronunciation of the vowel characteristic "o" in length, where the "eh" sound is added before the long "o" sound. It also adopts the Philadelphia pattern of "a" short sounds, so tense vowels in words like "bath" or "ask" do not fit in with the more relaxed in "sad" or "acting".
The original man of Baltimore John Waters parodies his city and his dialect extensively in his films. Most of them were filmed and/or installed in Baltimore, including the 1972 classic Pink Flamingos film, as well as Hairspray and Broadway music remakes.
Performing arts
Baltimore has three state-designated state-of-art arts and entertainment districts (A & amp; E). North Arts and Entertainment Center, Highlandtown Arts District, and Bromo Art & amp; Entertainment District. Baltimore Promotion Office & amp; The Arts, a non-profit organization, produces art events and programs and manages some facilities. This is the official Baltimore City Arts Council. BOPA coordinates Baltimore's major events including New Year's Eve and the 4th of July celebration at Inner Harbor, Artscape which is America's largest free art festival, Baltimore Book Festival, Baltimore Farmers' Market & amp; Bazaar, Open Studio Schools 33 Art Center and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Parade.
The Baltimore Symphony Orchestra is an internationally renowned orchestra, founded in 1916 as a publicly funded city organization. The current Music Director is Marin Alsop, a protà © Ã… © gÃÆ'Ã… © Leonard Bernstein. Centerstage is a major theater company in the city and a regionally respected group. The Lyric Opera House is the home of Lyric Opera Baltimore, which operates there as part of Patricia and Arthur Modell Performing Arts Center. Consort Baltimore has been a leading early music ensemble for over twenty-five years. The French-Merrick Performing Arts Center, home of the redesigned Thomas W. Lamb Hippodrome Theater, has given Baltimore a chance to become a major regional player in Broadway tours and other performing arts performances. Renovating Baltimore's historic theater has been widespread throughout the city such as Everyman, Center, Senator, and the latest Parkway theater. Other buildings have been reused like the former Mercantile Deposit and Trust Company store. Now is the Chesapeake Shakespeare Company Theater.
Baltimore also offers a variety of professional theater groups (non-touring) and communities. Aside from the Stage Center, the city's residents include Everyman Theater, Carrot Tunggal Theater, and Baltimore Theater Festival. The city's community theater includes the Fells Point Community Theater and Arena Players Inc., which is the oldest African American community theater continues to operate. In 2009, the Baltimore Rock Opera Society, the theatrical company of all volunteers, launched its first production.
Baltimore is home to the Pride of Baltimore Chorus, an international three-time women's silver medal choir, affiliated with Sweet Adelines International. The Maryland State Boychoir is located in the northeast Baltimore neighborhood of Mayfield.
Baltimore is the home of the non-profit music organization Vivre Musicale. The VM won the 2011-2012 award for the Adventure Program of the American Society of Composers, Author and Publisher and Chamber Music America.
The Peabody Institute, located in Mount Vernon neighborhood, is the oldest conservatory of music in the United States. Founded in 1857, it is one of the most prestigious in the world, along with Juilliard, Eastman, and Curtis Institute. The Morgan State University Choir is also one of the country's most prestigious university choir ensembles. The city is home to the Baltimore Art School, a public high school in Mount Vernon neighborhood in Baltimore. The institution is nationally recognized for its success in preparation for students entering music (vocal/instrumental), theater (acting/theater production), dance, and visual arts.
Sports
Baseball
Baltimore has a long and storied baseball history, including its distinction as the birthplace of Babe Ruth in 1895. The nineteenth-century original Orioles of Baltimore was one of the most successful early franchises, featuring large numbers of peasants during the years from 1882 to 1899. one of the first eight American League franchises, the Baltimore Orioles played in the Navy during the 1901 and 1902 seasons. The team moved to New York City before the 1903 season and renamed the New York Highlanders, which later became the New York Yankees. Ruth played for the minor league Baltimore Orioles team, active from 1903 to 1914. After playing a season in 1915 as the Richmond Climbers, the team returned the following year to Baltimore, where he played as Orioles until 1953.
The team currently known as the Baltimore Orioles has been representing Major League Baseball locally since 1954 when St. Louis Browns moved to Baltimore city. The Orioles advanced to the World Series in 1966, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1979 and 1983, winning three times (1966, 1970 and 1983), while making all but one year (1972) playoffs from 1969 to 1974.
In 1995, local players (and later Hall of Famer) Cal Ripken, Jr. breaking the streak of Lou Gehrig from 2,130 consecutive games played, to which Ripken was named Sportsman of the Year by Sports Illustrated magazine. Six former Orioles players, including Ripken (2007), and two team managers have been sworn in to the Baseball Hall of Fame.
Since 1992, Oriole's in-house baseball stadium is Oriole Park on Camden Yards, considered one of the best leagues since it opened.
Football
Before the NFL team moved to Baltimore, there were several attempts at professional football teams before the 1950s. Most are small leagues or semi-professional teams. The first major league based team in Baltimore is the All American Football Conference (AAFC), which has a team named Baltimore Colts. AAFC Colts played for three seasons at AAFC (1947, 1948, and 1949), and when AAFC folded after the 1949 season, moved to the NFL for a year (1950) before going bankrupt. Three years later, the NFL Dallas Texans will fold themselves, and their players' assets and contracts are bought by a team of ownership led by Baltimore Carroll businessman Rosenbloom, who moved the team to Baltimore, forming a new team, also called the Baltimore Colts. During the 1950s and 1960s, the Colts was one of the more successful NFL franchises, led by Pro Football Hall of Fame quarterback Johnny Unitas who set a then record of 47 consecutive games with a touchdown pass. The Colts advanced to the NFL Championship twice (1958 & amp; 1959) and Super Bowl twice (1969 & 1971), won all but Super Bowl III in 1969. After the 1983 season, the team left Baltimore for Indianapolis in 1984, where being the Indianapolis Colts.
The NFL returned to Baltimore when the former Cleveland Browns moved to Baltimore to become Baltimore Ravens in 1996. Since then, the Ravens won the Super Bowl championship in 2000 and 2012, four AFC North Division championships (2003, 2006, 2011 and 2012), and appeared in four AFC Championship Games (2000, 2008, 2011 and 2012).
Other teams and events
The first professional sports organization in the United States, The Maryland Jockey Club, was formed in Baltimore in 1743. Preakness Stakes, the second race in the United States Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing, has been held every May at the Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore since 1873.
College lacrosse is a popular sport in the spring, as the Johns Hopkins Blue Jays lacrosse team has won 44 national championships, mostly from all courses in history. In addition, Loyola University won its first NCAA lacrosse championship in 2012.
The Baltimore Blast is a professional football team playing in Major Arena Soccer League at Royal Farms Arena. The explosion has won 8 championships in various leagues, including MASL. The previous entity from Blast played in Major Indoor Soccer League from 1980 to 1992, winning 1 championship.
FC Baltimore 1729 is a semi-professional football club that plays for the NPSL league, with the goal of bringing a community-oriented soccer-oriented experience to the city of Baltimore. The inaugural season will begin May 11, 2018, and they will play their home game at CCBC Essex Field.
The Baltimore Blues is a semi-professional rugby league club that started the competition at USA Rugby League in 2012. The Baltimore Bohemians is an American football club. They compete in the USL Premier League Development League, the fourth level of the American Football Pyramid. The inaugural season begins in spring 2012.
The Baltimore Grand Prix debuted along the streets of the Inner Harbor section of downtown on September 2-4, 2011. The show hosts American Le Mans Series on Saturday and IndyCar Series on Sunday. Support races from the smaller series are also held, including Indy Lights. After three consecutive years, on 13 September 2013, it was announced that the event will not be held in 2014 or 2015 due to scheduling conflicts.
Athletic equipment company, Under Armor is also based in Baltimore. Founded in 1996 by Kevin Plank, an alumnus of the University of Maryland, the company's headquarters is located at Tide Point, adjacent to Fort McHenry and Domino Sugar plant. The Baltimore Marathon is the main race of several races. The marathon begins at the Camden Yards sports complex and travels through the diverse neighborhoods of Baltimore, including the beautiful Inner Harbor waterfront, historic Federal Hill, Fells Point and Canton, Baltimore. The race then proceeds to other important points in the city such as Patterson Park, Clifton Park, Lake Montebello, Charles Village neighborhood and western edge
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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