Association of soccer associations refers to the cultural aspects surrounding association football games. In many countries, soccer has been ingrained into the national culture, and parts of life may revolve around it. Many countries have daily football papers, as well as football magazines. Football players, especially at the top level of the game, have become role models for people. The FIFA World Cup, held every four years, is a classic football event, which combines the world's greatest players and the spirit of the fans. Football has a long and noble history, whereby a vast and diverse culture has emerged. The soccer culture can be easily divided into how players, fans and clubs see the sport.
Video Association football culture
Enthusiasts
Fair Play
Fair Play is the name of the FIFA program which aims to increase sportsmanship and prevent discrimination in football games. It also involves a program to reduce racism in the game. The program extends beyond football, in an effort to support charities and other organizations that improve conditions around the world.
The principles of the Play Fair program can be summarized as follows:
- Play fair (without diving)
- Play to win but accept defeat with dignity
- Observe game law
- Respect your opponents, teammates, referees, officials, and viewers
- Promote your interest in football
- Honor those who defend the good reputation of soccer
- Reject corruption, drugs, racism, sexism, violence, gambling, and other dangers to our sport
- Help others to withstand destructive pressures
- Deny those trying to discredit sports
- Use football to create a better world
Both FIFA and UEFA have the awards they give to individuals or groups of people who have promoted what they see as the spirit of Fair Play , both inside and outside of football. An example of this is the Italian player Paolo Di Canio who, although not awarded, is congratulated by many parts of the football world to show the Fair Play generously. Despite having scoring chances while playing for West Ham United against Everton, when Di Canio saw the Everton goalkeeper injured, instead of scoring what could be the easiest goal of his career, he caught the ball, because it stopped playing and allowed the goalkeeper to receive treatment.
Food and drink
In the UK, attendance at soccer matches is associated with the consumption of traditional soccer foods such as meat pies and Bovril. Food and beverage sales in the stadium can increase revenue for the club, and some clubs are trying to improve their services and diversify from traditional food. In Brazil, sanduÃÆ'che de calabresa (pepperoni sandwich) is a popular food in the area around the stadium. At the MineirÃÆ'ÂÂ ° o Stadium, the feijÃÆ' Â £ o tropeiro , a typical dish from Minas Gerais, is very common. In Germany, many football fans eat bratwurst and drink beer. In Argentina,
In many countries with drinking culture, soccer has been associated with alcohol consumption. This can happen before, during and after the game, with a drink going on inside the stadium, sometimes unlawfully, as well as in pubs and bars outside. However, the unwanted behavior caused by drinking has led to the ban on the sale of alcohol to public supporters at stadiums across the UK, although most British and Welsh teams continue to sell alcohol in the public stadium area, with only clubs in Scotland subject to ban blankets after riot after the Scottish Cup Final of 1980. Alcohol sales still occur in the executive lounge. Some teams and countries have supporters who have a drink-friendly reputation. However, some countries are more associated with drunken hooliganism as mentioned in the violence section below. Recent research has raised doubts on the effectiveness of alcohol restrictions to reduce the chances of distraction and violence, especially involving British football fans seeing: Heysel Stadium disaster.
Hooliganism
The level of passion that soccer teams support from time to time causes problems, and clashes between fans can lead to violence. Some violence occurs by people who aim to cause trouble, a phenomenon known as hooliganism. Other enthusiasts gathered together in hooligans companies, which are organized groups that seek contention with other companies that support rival clubs. Both are sometimes known as "British Diseases," after the disruption caused by English fans traveling abroad to support their club or national team in the 1970s and 1980s. Yet organized violence around football has been prevalent throughout other countries, especially by Italy's
The violence by fans ranges from minor fights between fans to tragedies such as the Heysel Stadium disaster and also the Football War. There were incidents of murdered fans, such as the killing of Christopher Loftus and Kevin Speight, two Leeds United supporters, in Istanbul in 2000 on the night of the first leg of the UEFA Cup semi-final. In the last few years this aspect of the game seems to have passed its peak in England though it has not completely disappeared. Specialist police units and information sharing between regional and international police forces have made it more difficult for hooligans to organize and participate in chaos. CCTV inside and outside the stadium as well as at other anticipated "flash points" such as downtown and railway stations now make it more likely that people involved in the disorder can be identified later even if they are not captured on the spot. However, there are still disruptions around football matches. One example is UEFA Champions League matches played on 12 and 13 March 2005.
Violence by fans also affects players, including professional athletes, but this is rare. One example includes a message to Christian Vieri, apparently by Inter Milan fans, who threatened to set fire to his restaurant, criticizing his attitude towards the team. There was also a famous incident in which Colombian international AndrÃÆ' Â © s Escobar was killed shortly after coming home from the 1994 World Cup. This is allegedly due to his own scoring that got rid of Colombia from the competition.
There are a number of accidents and disasters in the history of football. Some of these, such as the Hillsborough and Ibrox debacle, are due to problems with mass control. Heysel Stadium disaster is a combination of hooliganism and crowd control of the poor. The fire of Bradford City stadium is due to the poor fire safety in the stadium. Lessons learned from this disaster have led to a safer football stadium.
Programs match
The match program is sold inside and outside the previous stadium, and sometimes during, matches. In its simplest form, they provide basic information about teams, players and match officials. Larger clubs typically produce multi-page programs with features such as comments from club managers and captains, interviews with players, former players and backroom staff, information on setting up tickets for upcoming matches, complete equipment listings and team season reviews so far , competition, pages for junior fans, and detailed features about the opposition. Programs from multiple matches are billable items, and can take money at auction.
Invasion field
Field invasion occurred when supporters moved from the stand to the football pitch, several times to deliberately disrupt the match. This is distinguished from the times when, for safety reasons, fans are allowed to fall into the field.
Examples of field invasions include the 1923 FA Cup final "White Horse" between Bolton Wanderers and West Ham United at Wembley Stadium. Due to the extraordinary amount at the stadium, the police had to return orders to the stadium. Another example is the 1977 British Home Championship game between England and Scotland, again at Wembley. After Scotland won 2-1, "Tartan Army" attacked the pitch and managed to break down the goal, as well as cut the grass to take.
Solo invasion is more common though few in number. In some cases, this is a scratch that tries to strike the field when naked. Proponents tend to regard this as a harmless pleasure. One such field invasion was at UEFA Euro 2004, in the final between Portugal and Greece, when "Jimmy Jump" ran into the field to disrupt the match. Another famous invasion was performed by Karl Power, who sneaked into the photo of the Manchester United team before their UEFA Champions League match with Bayern Munich. His other acts have involved the British national rugby team and the British Grand Prix.
Support group
There are many types of sub-cultures and types of groups centered around football. The main one is ordinary clothes, which are intertwined with hooligan companies. Ultras is a continental European phenomenon, while in Latin America, barra bravas are common, with the exception of Brazil, where torcidas are more common.
Rivalry
The Derby match, which is a match between two closest competitor clubs, is often very competitive. Sometimes there is fundamental political or sectarian tension. This term often applies to matches between two teams from the same city or region, but is sometimes used to refer matches between big clubs from the same country. Derbies are usually treated as the most important matches by fans, players and clubs, regardless of position in the league table, and so on. The Green Street Movie embodies the derby spirit when one of the characters refers to the West Ham United-Millwood rivalry as did Israel against the Palestinians. Of course this film focuses on most of the era of hooliganism, but his description of the passion of the game shows how important derby day for fans. When it comes to derbies, the culture of football thrives and shines in all colors. How Football Explains The world is the perfect source of how derbies arise and what they mean to the community.
Maps Association football culture
Player
Celebrity
Such is the popularity of football that some players become better known for their 'off the pitch' activities. Celebrity statuses are such that advertisers and sporting goods manufacturers hire them to sponsor their products. The Brazilian soccer player, Pela  © is such a player. He was greatly admired as a player at the time so he became a UNICEF ambassador, as well as being a spokesperson in advertising for many different companies. He also spent some time in politics in Brazil.
Former FIFA World Player of the Year, European Footballer of the Year and African Footballer of the Year George Weah secured most of the vote in the first round of the 2005 presidential election in Liberia, but lost the vote. He was elected President 12 years later.
Another football celebrity is England footballer David Beckham. He has been considered a trend-setter in the UK because of the history of frequent hairstyle changes. She also married former Spice Girl Victoria Beckham, and her relationship difficulties were widely reported in the British press in 2004 and 2005. Statues have been made from her, especially in a Buddhist temple as well as made of chocolate. Beckham has long been a model Armani, famous for his underwear ads.
At the end of 2009, Beckham was replaced by Portuguese midfielder Cristiano Ronaldo as the main Armani player/model.
Many other players have also become celebrities and treated as heroes by fans. Retired players, such as Gary Lineker, have become celebrities by working on television or radio. Even non-soccer players connected to football have become famous only through their associations. For example, after the 2002 World Cup, the head of the Korean Football Association decided to run for the presidency of South Korea.
Death
There are death players on the pitch and rest areas. On September 5, 1931, Celtic goalkeeper John Thomson suffered a skull fracture when he collided with Rangers Sam English player during Old Firm match. He was seriously injured and died later on. On September 10, 1985, Scottish manager Jock Stein died of a heart attack when his team scored an equalizing goal against Wales that was virtually guaranteed to qualify for the 1986 World Cup finals. He is 62 years old.
In 2003, Cameroon international Marc-Vivien FoÃÆ' Â © collapsed during a FIFA Confederations Cup match against Colombia and was declared dead that day. Her death was associated with an undiagnosed heart problem earlier. On September 8, 1990, David Longhurst of York City collapsed and died on the field during his team match with Lincoln City. The game was abandoned and York City paid tribute to later players by naming it in his honor on the Bootham Crescent course. In 2004, Hungarian international footballer MiklÃÆ'³s FehÃÆ' Â © r died of a heart attack while playing for Benfica against VitÃÆ'³ria de GuimarÃÆ' ¨ es. On September 9, 2006, Hinckley United player Matt Gadsby collapsed on the pitch and died during a North Conference match against Harrogate Town. Medical tests revealed she died of a heart condition known as Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. On August 25, 2007, Sevilla player Antonio Puerta suffered a heart attack during Sevilla's first game of the season - against Getafe - while running back into his own net. Sevilla teammate Ivica Dragutinovi? and Sevilla's medical staff immediately rushed to his aid. She was hospitalized but died on August 28, aged 22 years. Some players were also struck by lightning while playing in a sudden storm. On December 29, 2007, Motherwell captain Phil O'Donnell suffered heart failure on the field in a game against Dundee United, consequently he died several hours later at the hospital. At the end of the season, a tribute match was played in his honor among the Motherwell team stars who won the Scottish FA Cup in 1991 and the Celtic team that won the League Championship in 1998, both starring O'Donnell. Motherwell also named the main stands of their stadium in his honor.
Another disaster has occurred away from the stadium. Especially, the Superga air disaster of 1949 in which all Torino forces were killed. Other examples include the Munich air disaster involving the 1958 Manchester United squad; the loss of the entire Zambia national team squad in the 1993 air crash; and a plane crash in 2016 that killed 71 passengers, including almost the entire team of Chapecoense's main squad.
Ethnicity
People of various races are sometimes not accepted as players in European football. This changed at the beginning of the 21st century due to societal changes as well as campaigning on the side of football authorities in various countries. UEFA and the EU support Football Against Racism in Europe ("FARE"), which aims to stop racism. Many black players were not initially accepted in European football, although the earliest blacks were in 1881. However, in 1970 and beyond, players were increasingly accepted which led to a situation where many clubs and national teams have players of various ethnicities. However, full acceptance in bigger football countries did not occur until the 1990s, and racism still exists on several levels. Samuel Eto'o, for example, was once insulted by some Real Zaragoza fans in a game against Barcelona, ​​and threatened to stop playing if they continued to insult him. The same thing happened to Messina defender then, Marc Zoro in the match against Inter Milan.
In some countries, such as Britain and Germany, there is a strong campaign to eradicate racism and intolerance from football in the field and on the terrace. In other countries, despite the problems seen, little action has been taken, such as Spain and Italy.
Female player
Women have played football during the game there. Their numbers, both as footballers and fans, are increasing by lifting the ban on women playing soccer and attending games. The first FIFA Women's World Cup was held in 1991, and has attracted television interest worldwide. Football matches now tend to have an increasing number of women supporters at matches, as well as watching games at home or in pubs and bars. In the United States, the Women's Football Association was formed in 2001 in response to an increasing interest in women's soccer in the country. The league collapsed in 2003, but grass-roots football was not affected, and the league was relaunched in 2009 as Women's Professional Soccer. The semi-professional W-League continued to operate with 38 teams, in 2006. The Japanese women's league, Liga L. was well supported.
Globalization
For the best players, that means their services can be offered to clubs in a number of different countries and for compensation they have significant bargaining power in the setting - top players can make millions of salaries in a year, in addition to any support they receive.
The team also benefited from this by being able to find a broader support base outside their traditional local area. They can also search for talent from a larger area. However, some European clubs have been accused of exploitation for doing this, as some young Africans recruited for the football team end up having nothing after the team no longer needs their services. In modern games, most clubs have many foreign players. This is especially evident in the English Premier League, where English players are outnumbered by their foreign counterparts. Some of the leading football authorities, including former FIFA president Sepp Blatter, argue this is detrimental to the game and problems for supporters. The academic research published in this question (by David Ranc) seems to indicate otherwise. Many teams try to build a complete team with players with ball control, others with strength, others with speed and others with vision. Traditionally, these skills are related to different areas: ball control is considered a feature of South America, the speed usually associated with African players and strength is usually seen as the European way. Therefore, prominent clubs lurk these areas heavily for increased talents and advise them to conduct trials with the club. Football has become a global sport where audiences from around the world can enjoy many different leagues. It has created international competition and community competition, but at the same time, it has the power to unite society. The FIFA World Cup brought the world of football together for a whole month. Through victory and defeat it is a modern example of nationalism that integrates with globalization. In Franklin Foer How Football Explains the World , he explains that the national team creates a sense of tribal nationalism among fans. This nationalism is shown by wearing ball shirts, scarves and flying flags to express pride. When tournaments such as the FIFA World Cup, African Nations Cup and UEFA European Championships bring supporters from countries around the world, this national pride is part of globalism. This elaborate system is part of the global football community. Football brings together players, fans, coaches, and clubs from every part of the world. The main example of the strength of football unity is the African country of Ghana. He gained independence from the British imperial government in 1957 and used football to unite the nation. "The Black Stars", as a national team known as the first African Cup of Nations host. Ghana has become one of the most passionate footballing nations in Africa and the world, thanks to the unifying power of sport.
Coaches are also being sought internationally. It extends to the national team coach, having become a native of their country, brought from another country. Examples include the Brazilian legend, Zico, the Japanese coaching; Sven-GÃÆ'¶ran Eriksson, a Swedish who trains England; and Berti Vogts, a German who trains Scotland and Nigeria. Another German, Otto Rehhagel, practically became a national icon in Greece after leading his national side to a surprise win at UEFA Euro 2004, and soon turned down an offer to coach Germany and keep on training Greece. Dutch coach Guus Hiddink has a similar iconic status in South Korea after coaching his national team into the 2002 World Cup semifinals, so much so that one of South Korea's World Cup stadiums was renamed shortly after the competition.
Role model
While many soccer players can be regarded as good role models, there are headlines in the news about bad behavior by soccer players. Such is the influence of footballers, their activities tend to be widely reported in the media and also bring criticism from the governments of the countries where they play.
Shortly before UEFA Euro 1996, the England national team became famous for the "Dentist" incident. Several British players, including Paul Gascoigne and Teddy Sheringham, were photographed in Hong Kong after being seen in the bar pouring beer into each throat while the person was sitting in the dentist's chair. Later in his life, Gascoigne struggled with alcohol and drug addiction and had to be hospitalized for an overdose on several occasions.
There have been incidents in England of players accused of violence and off-court offenses. Although on many occasions, players have been found not guilty, such cases are highly controversial. In 2001, two Leeds United players, Jonathan Woodgate and Lee Bowyer, appeared in court over a student attack outside a nightclub. Woodgate was found guilty of an affair. In 2002, three players (two from Chelsea, John Terry and Jody Morris, and one from Wimbledon, Des Byrne) appeared in court on affray charges. All were freed. On May 20, 2008, Joey Barton was sentenced to six months in prison after pleading guilty to his role in the attack in December 2007. Barton was arrested on CCTV punching a man 20 times.
In 2004, the trio of Leicester City, Paul Dickov, Frank Sinclair, and Keith Gillespie spent a week in jail after being accused of sexual assault while at rest in La Manga resort in Spain with their team. However, the case was dropped after forensic evidence showed unfounded allegations. Although the accused players were ultimately innocent, the scandal caused a media outrage about football players and their behavior, especially with regard to the children who viewed them.
Wayne Rooney was also attacked in the media for being accused of visiting prostitutes in 2004, a claim he later admitted was true. Adrian Mutu acknowledged the use of cocaine after failing a drug test, and Graham Stack was accused of rape but was declared cleaner in 2005. Lee Bowyer made headlines again in 2005 when he and Newcastle United team mate Kieron Dyer fought each other near the end of the Premier League game.
Club
The club has moved from amateur status to, in some cases, major commercial problems. Players have also managed to increase their earnings massively during this change.
Seating
After the Hillsborough Disaster, the British government commissioned the Taylor Report which resulted in its position being banned from many stadiums, including every major league stadium. Groups like Stand Up Sit Down campaigned for their return. This is very different from the situation in non-league English football and other leagues around the world where it is common to see terraces (standing areas) making some, or even all rooms for fans.
Corruption
Allegations of corruption in football are always there. This level of corruption can vary from country to country, and may involve players, agents and clubs. In 1980, Italian teams Milan and Lazio relegated to Serie B for match-fixing. The 2005-06 football season sees a lot of corruption scandals. These include the 2005 Bundesliga scandal in Germany, with the Robert Hoyzer refereeing scandal; and Brazilian football match-fixing scandal involving Edilson Pereira de Carvalho. This was followed by a 2006 Serie A ("Calciopoli") scandal in Italy where five clubs were found guilty of disruptions in referee work by their leaders and resulted in some top clubs being punished (most notably, Juventus were relegated to Serie B for the 2006-07 season and lost a lot of top players) and got their own titles removed from them and awarded to Inter Milan, who were runners-up; and Apito Dourado in Portugal, with Porto and Boavista involved.
Financial
In a 1997 speech to the Oxford Union, then Tottenham Hotspur chairman Alan Sugar described the club's inability to manage the ever-increasing amount of money in football as a "juice prune effect"; club expenditures are continuously exceeding the amount of profits derived from sponsors and prize money.
While most grassroot clubs and division bottom division teams struggle to make ends meet, big clubs can generate significant revenue. For example, parties like Manchester United and Real Madrid are regarded as the richest in the world, with a global support base. Chelsea have also undergone a transformation, buying some expensive football players after being bought by Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich.
In 2008, Manchester City became the richest club in the world after being bought by billionaire Emirate Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyanan.
The catalyst for this change is the arrival of satellite television. Satellite TV companies pay huge amounts for the right to cover football matches, and in turn recoup this investment from many fans who can not catch a match directly. This benefits fans of "hardcore" and "casual" fans because they have more game options they want to watch.
While some clubs play well from the rising money in football, other clubs may find it difficult to keep up. Leeds United tried to do this by spending a lot of money and succeeding for a few seasons. However, the debt became uncontrollable, the successful players sold and the team eventually relegated twice, first from the Premier League to the Championship, and then to League One.
Not all clubs play well beyond television money. The clubs in the lower leagues receive less money for the match and, if promoted to a higher league, can have difficulty matching the club's greater purchasing power. This makes them more likely to be degraded again.
Clubs from smaller countries also have problems with this issue. Because of their smaller population base, they receive less money from television broadcasting rights. This means they are poor compared to clubs from big countries, and can cause debt problems if they try to match expenditures in trans-national competitions. Some clubs have managed to fight the trend by training players through their youth academy, as well as making wise investments. Examples of these clubs include Porto and Ajax, although when these teams become successful, as in the case of Porto who won the 2003-04 UEFA League, the players tend to get sales due to financial pressure.
Society
In many countries, soccer has been ingrained into national culture, and many parts of life revolve around it. Many countries have daily football papers, as well as football magazines. The atmosphere of the region and country look connected with football. Victory in major tournaments can bring happiness to the local community or country. Conversely, defeat can lower morale, and has been seen to be associated with deaths in the population. The withdrawal symptoms when the football season is over has also been reported. The economy can also be seen connected to major football tournaments, although the exact associations are moot.
The term "soccer mother" and "football father", popularized in the United States, refers widely to demographic groups of parents with school-age children playing soccer.
Art, literature and movies
The popularity of football has been reflected in art, books and movies. Books have been written related to culture, such as violence, surrounding football, as well as a detailed history or event or rivalry. Many clubs have one or more fanzines, one example is TOOFIF.
Some people assume that the image of English football about the pursuit of the evil working class is transformed into something much more honorable after Fever Pitch , a memoir by Nick Hornby about his life as a fan of Arsenal, published. The book also provided a great break for Hornby. It was later adapted very loosely into a movie. Many films have been made including Bend It Like Beckham and The Football Factory, based on a book by John King, dealing with hooliganism and its relationship to the socio-economic realities in Britain. In Germany, The Miracle of Bern (2003) revived the euphoria of the national team triumph in the 1954 World Cup and was a big hit.
One movie with a historical base is Escape to Victory . The film is based on a true World War II story where the Dynamo Kyiv team, who defeated the German Luftwaffe team, were later persecuted and several team members executed. This story has also been told in Andy Dougan's book "Dynamo .
Album and sticker card
Usually collected by children, a sticker's album is a book in which a collector sticks to a player's image of a different team in a particular league. There may also be stadium stickers, badges, or team photos. The most extensive ones have been produced by Panini around the world. There are also football trading cards on the same principles, such as Match Attax, series for the English Premier League.
Religion
It has been said that in some soccer countries it has become a new religion, although this is a controversial issue. The "religious" aspects of sporting events include:
- pre-match, match and post-match traditions, group responses are rendered to gestures such as events on the ground, etc.
- groups singing, singing, dancing.
- widespread use of symbols: colors and team logos are very important and insulting of these symbols is a painful insult, often punishable by violence. Wearing them marks the wearer as adherents of a particular group and divides the world, almost like a cult, into "us" and "them".
- idol worship idols associated with relics: balls, t-shirts, numbers, etc. associated with players and events is greatly appreciated.
- the pilgrimage: some fans will fly to other countries to see live matches or travel in large groups to distant places, caravans, to see events.
- deep emotional engagement, extraordinary participation that can move in different directions: catharsis, fun, violence, etc.
Football and other sports lack some aspects that are usually associated with religion, but:
- There is, in football, very little transcendence. The memories of some players may be "immortal" and some of the "legendary" teams, but there is little in the way of ideas or ideologies found in religion.
- There is no sacred text. There is a famous saying, but they have no authority to govern beliefs or behavior.
- Common prayer, but usually directed outside the system. Fans and players do not pray "for" soccer or "for" soccer heroes, but for supernatural entities of other religions "about" football.
- There are respected numbers, but this is usually with a sense of irony. Owen Coyle is referred to as "God" by Burnley for example, due to his legendary role as manager for the club, taking them from favorite relegation to the Premier League within 18 months of being appointed. However, in Burnley Premier League season, Coyle left the club during the January transfer window for relegation rivals Bolton Wanderers, taking on the majority of staff behind Burnley with him. As a result, he is now widely referred to as "Judas" by Burnley fans. One of his first matches as Bolton's manager was against his former club Burnley at the Reebok Stadium. During the game, some traveling Burnley fans showed banners that read, "He's not a messiah, he's a very naughty boy!", Reference to Monty Python's Life of Brian.
Religious beliefs are also commonly used throughout soccer. Some of the players are religious and can be seen to cross themselves before the game. In Africa, traditional belief rituals are used to help the team win important games. In Argentina, the official religion around Diego Maradona footballer has been formed named "Iglesia Maradoniana".
German club Schalke 04 have released their own Bible entitled Mit Gott auf Schalke ("With God at Schalke"). This is an edition of the Christian Bible along with spiritual texts by the players and officials of Christian Schalke.
Health
In July 2014, the Seychelles Health Department blocked a football team from Sierra Leone coming to play a qualifying match for the African Nations Cup. This comes at the expense of the Seychelles who sacrificed the game and Sierra Leone advanced. The African Cup of Nations is known as Africa's biggest soccer tournament.
Morocco requested to postpone the 2015 African Cup due to Ebola, and then withdraw from hosting entirely. Despite the fear, it was held FIFA Club World Cup 2014. The African Cup is a twelve-team biennial football game for Africa. After this, the Confederation of African Football ("CAF") is looking for a new host country for the event. Equatorial Guinea took over as the new host for the event. Equatorial Guinea was previously banned from the competition, but was allowed back after the hosts, while Morocco, Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea were banned from the competition.
See also
- Geography of the football association
- Glossary of association football terms
- Vuvuzela
References
External links
- FootballCulture.net - The website managed by the British Council explores the Football Culture (copy of the Internet Archive).
- FootballCulture.com - Dutch Clothes Label with a support mentality since 2008.
- A footballer is an Idiot - A website that makes up the bad behavior of the best players.
- FIFA's Behavior Guidelines for Soccer
- Football Against Racism in Europe
- Global Games - Soccer, Women's Soccer, Media, Culture
- The Nouvelle FÃÆ'Â © dation Board web site
- This Funny Old Game: Explaining Curiosity from the Polish Football Culture
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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